癌症仍然是死亡的主要原因。尽管常规疗法取得了重大突破，但由于正常组织的高毒性以及药物在体内寿命短和耐药机制导致的治疗效率低下，治疗效果仍然远非理想。目前的研究方向是开发多功能纳米系统，用于输送化疗药物、生物活性物质和/或放射性核素，这些系统可以与其他治疗方式（如基因治疗或成像）相结合，用于治疗筛选和诊断。解决了自组装为 2D 和 3D 结构的溶致液晶 (LLC) 中间相的制备和表征，重点是这些纳米组件的独特性质。还对 LLC 纳米组件进行了全面回顾，强调了最新进展及其作为药物输送系统的突出优势，包括可用于克服癌症挑战的定制策略。 LLC纳米组件中装载的治疗剂提供了优于传统化疗的定性和定量增强，特别是在肿瘤部位优先积累和促进增强癌细胞摄取、降低肿瘤体积和重量、提高存活率以及增加其细胞毒性方面。负载治疗剂。在定量抗癌功效方面，负载的 LLC 纳米组件将针对肺癌细胞的 IC50 值从 1.4 倍降低到针对卵巢癌细胞的 125 倍。版权所有 © 2023。由 Elsevier B.V. 出版。

Cancer remains a leading cause of mortality. Despite significant breakthroughs in conventional therapies, treatment is still far from ideal due to high toxicity in normal tissues and therapeutic inefficiency caused by short drug lifetime in the body and resistance mechanisms. Current research moves towards the development of multifunctional nanosystems for delivery of chemotherapeutic drugs, bioactives and/or radionuclides that can be combined with other therapeutic modalities, like gene therapy, or imaging to use in therapeutic screening and diagnosis. The preparation and characterization of Lyotropic Liquid Crystalline (LLC) mesophases self-assembled as 2D and 3D structures are addressed, with an emphasis on the unique properties of these nanoassemblies. A comprehensive review of LLC nanoassemblies is also presented, highlighting the most recent advances and their outstanding advantages as drug delivery systems, including tailoring strategies that can be used to overcome cancer challenges. Therapeutic agents loaded in LLC nanoassemblies offer qualitative and quantitative enhancements that are superior to conventional chemotherapy, particularly in terms of preferential accumulation at tumor sites and promoting enhanced cancer cell uptake, lowering tumor volume and weight, improving survival rates, and increasing the cytotoxicity of their loaded therapeutic agents. In terms of quantitative anticancer efficacy, loaded LLC nanoassemblies reduced the IC50 values from 1.4-fold against lung cancer cells to 125-fold against ovarian cancer cells.Copyright © 2023. Published by Elsevier B.V.