旨在确定患有下肢淋巴水肿 (LE) 的患者是否比没有淋巴水肿的患者具有更高的皮肤癌风险。这项回顾性队列研究包括自 2000 年 1 月 1 日起在美国明尼苏达州罗切斯特市梅奥诊所检查的 LE 淋巴水肿患者，截至 2020 年 12 月 31 日。电子健康记录中包含“下肢淋巴水肿”短语和淋巴水肿诊断代码的所有患者，以及年龄、种族和性别匹配的无淋巴水肿对照患者均被纳入其中在研究中。构建卡普兰-迈耶曲线来检查淋巴水肿组和对照组首次出现皮肤癌的时间。使用Cox比例风险回归模型来计算风险比。研究期间总共有4437名患者患有淋巴水肿。与匹配对照组相比，淋巴水肿组患皮肤癌的风险显着增加。对于单侧淋巴水肿患者的子集，肢体淋巴水肿性 LE 患皮肤癌（尤其是基底细胞癌）的可能性是非淋巴水肿性 LE 的 2.65 倍。下肢淋巴水肿似乎是鳞状细胞癌、基底细胞癌和基底细胞癌的危险因素。正如预期的那样，血管肉瘤。护理 LE 淋巴水肿患者的临床医生应意识到这种增加的风险，并相应地监测高危患者。版权所有 © 2023 梅奥医学教育和研究基金会。由爱思唯尔公司出版。保留所有权利。

To determine whether patients with lymphedema of a lower extremity (LE) had a greater risk of skin cancer than those without lymphedema.This retrospective cohort study included patients with LE lymphedema examined at Mayo Clinic in Rochester, MN, USA, from January 1, 2000, through December 31, 2020. All patients with the phrase "lower extremity lymphedema" and a diagnostic code for lymphedema present in their electronic health record, as well as their age-, race-, and sex-matched controls without lymphedema, were included in the study. A Kaplan-Meier curve was constructed to examine the time to development of the first skin cancer for the lymphedema cohort and the controls. A Cox proportional hazards regression model was used to calculate hazard ratios.In total, 4437 patients had lymphedema within the study period. Compared with the matched control group, the lymphedema group had a significantly increased risk of skin cancer. For the subset of patients with unilateral lymphedema, the lymphedematous extremity was 2.65 times as likely as the nonlymphedematous LE to have skin cancer, particularly basal cell carcinoma.Lower extremity lymphedema appears to be a risk factor for squamous cell carcinoma, basal call carcinoma, and as expected, angiosarcoma. Clinicians caring for patients with LE lymphedema should be aware of this increased risk and monitor at-risk patients accordingly.Copyright © 2023 Mayo Foundation for Medical Education and Research. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.