多发性骨髓瘤 (MM) 的特点是单克隆免疫球蛋白（M 蛋白）的过量产生。用于评估预后的M蛋白常规筛查方法无法检测残留肿瘤细胞产生的低水平M蛋白，即微小残留病（MRD）。 MRD 的评估可以通过检查骨髓中残留的肿瘤细胞或循环 M 蛋白来进行。质谱技术的进步使得低丰度血清生物标志物的可靠且高度灵敏的检测成为可能，使其成为一种可行且侵入性显着降低的方法。质谱可以实现MRD的动态监测并鉴定治疗性单克隆抗体以及寡克隆蛋白。在这篇综述中，我们总结了 M 蛋白检测中的质谱方法及其在 MM 中 MRD 检测的应用。版权所有 © 2023。由 Elsevier B.V 出版。

Multiple myeloma (MM) is characterized by excessive production of monoclonal immunoglobulins (M proteins). Routine screening methods for M proteins to assess prognosis are unable to detect low levels of M proteins produced by residual tumor cells, ie, minimal residual disease (MRD). Assessment of MRD can be conducted by examining residual tumor cells in bone marrow or circulating M proteins. Advances in mass spectrometry have enabled reliable and highly sensitive detection of low abundance serum biomarkers making it a viable and significantly less invasive approach. Mass spectrometry can achieve dynamic monitoring of MRD and identify therapeutic monoclonal antibodies as well as oligoclonal proteins. In this review we summarize mass spectrometry methods in M protein detection and their applications of MRD detection in MM.Copyright © 2023. Published by Elsevier B.V.