尽管综合治疗取得了进展，晚期胰腺癌患者的预后仍然很差。肿瘤免疫学领域见证了癌症治疗的重大进步。然而，由于胰腺癌高度复杂的肿瘤微环境（TME），免疫疗法并不是很有效。自然杀伤 (NK) 细胞是在先天免疫系统中发挥重要作用的淋巴细胞。 NK 细胞不需要抗原预致敏，也不受主要组织相容性复合物 (MHC) 的限制。 NK 细胞具有通过 CAR 依赖性和 CAR 独立途径消除癌细胞的潜力，证明在此过程中全身毒性水平降低。 NK 细胞的多种潜在来源的可用性是有助于满足治疗标准的额外好处。添加纳米技术来增强效应 NK 细胞的功能也是一个有吸引力的策略。本文主要讨论最近用于增强 NK 功能治疗胰腺癌的各种方法。此外，还介绍了通过纳米颗粒介导提高 NK 细胞治疗功效的新进展，重点是胰腺癌。版权所有 © 2023。由 Elsevier B.V. 出版。

Advanced pancreatic cancer patients have a dismal prognosis despite advances in integrative therapy. The field of tumor immunology has witnessed significant advancements for cancer treatment. However, immunotherapy for pancreatic cancer is not very effective due to its highly complex tumor microenvironment (TME). Natural killer (NK) cells are lymphocytes that play an important role in the innate immune system. NK cells do not require antigen pre-sensitization, nor are they confined by the major histocompatibility complex (MHC). NK cells have the potential to eliminate cancer cells through CAR-dependent and CAR-independent pathways, demonstrating reduced levels of systemic toxicity in the process. The availability of several potential sources of NK cells is an additional benefit that contributes to meeting the therapeutic criteria. Adding nanotechnology to enhance the functions of effector NK cells is also an appealing strategy. This article primarily discusses various approaches recently been utilized to enhance the NK functions for the treatment of pancreatic cancer. In addition, new advances in boosting NK cell therapeutic efficacy by nanoparticle mediation are presented, with a focus on pancreatic cancer.Copyright © 2023. Published by Elsevier B.V.