卵巢透明细胞癌 (OCCC) 是一种罕见的高级别原发性上皮性卵巢癌，约占所有卵巢恶性肿瘤的 10-12%。它与子宫内膜异位症有很强的相关性。 OCCC 在晚期诊断时具有侵袭性生物学行为，卵巢 OCCC 的治疗策略与其他卵巢癌有所不同。因此，这些肿瘤的早期诊断极其重要。由于一些卵巢肿瘤亚型具有显着特征，因此可以根据其影像学特征进行区分，这可以指导患者管理并帮助临床医生和病理学家进行诊断。卵巢一侧的大肿块大多为囊性，伴有局灶性或多灶性不规则偏心生长的实性壁结节或突出到囊性空​​间的突起，可能提示卵巢透明细胞癌的诊断。实性结节通常在 T2 加权图像上具有中间信号。囊性成分可以是单房或多房的，内容物可能含有蛋白质或血液。 CT扫描仍然是术前分期和术后再分期的首选方法，放射科医生对于识别此类肿瘤至关重要。我们回顾了手术证实的透明细胞癌患者的影像学档案，我们的发现与之前的研究一致。本文旨在对 OCCC 的放射学和临床病理特征进行全面修订，帮助放射科医生识别 OCCC 并缩小鉴别诊断的可能性。版权所有 © 2023。由 Elsevier Inc. 出版。

Ovarian clear cell carcinoma (OCCC) is an uncommon high-grade primary epithelial ovarian cancer, covering about 10-12 % of all ovarian malignancies. It has a strong association with endometriosis. OCCC diagnosis, at advanced stages, has an aggressive biological behaviour, and the therapeutic strategies for ovarian OCCC are somehow different from other ovarian carcinomas. Therefore, early diagnosis of these tumours is of extreme importance. As some ovarian tumours subtypes have distinguishing features, it is possible to differentiate them based on their imaging characteristics, which can guide patient management and help the clinicians and pathologists in their diagnosis. A large mass on one side of the ovary that is mostly cystic, with a focal or multifocal irregular eccentric growing solid mural nodules or projections protruding into the cystic space, may suggest clear cell carcinoma of the ovary diagnosis. The solid nodules usually have an intermediate signal on T2-weighted images. The cystic component can be either single or multilocular, and the contents may contain protein or blood. CT scanning is still the preferred method for preoperative staging and postoperative restaging, and radiologists are crucial in identifying this type of tumour. We reviewed the imaging files of patients with surgically proven clear cell carcinoma at the specimens, and our findings agree with previous studies. This paper aims to perform a comprehensive revision of OCCC's radiological and clinic-pathological features and assist radiologists in recognizing OCCC and narrowing down the possibilities of differential diagnosis.Copyright © 2023. Published by Elsevier Inc.