急性髓系白血病（AML）是一种恶性血液肿瘤疾病。白血病细胞释放的自分泌或旁分泌细胞因子调节 AML 细胞的增殖。目前还不确定细胞因子是否可以表明 AML 患者是否通过化疗得到缓解。本研究的目的是评估AML患者化疗前后Th1/Th2/Th17细胞因子的水平，以确定细胞因子水平是否可以预测化疗后疾病的缓解。研究发现，患者在确诊AML时IL-5、IL-6、IL-8、IL-10、TNF-α、TNF-β、IL-17F和IL-22水平显着升高两次化疗后病情缓解（P<0.05）。化疗后，缓解患者细胞因子水平降低，而未缓解患者IL-6和IL-8水平升高（P<0.05）。获得缓解的患者化疗前后细胞因子水平的比较显示，IL-6 和 IL-8 的曲线下面积 (AUC) 均为 0.69。此外，化疗后缓解组和非缓解组的比较显示，IL-6的AUC为0.77。然后，我们使用接收者操作特征曲线计算截止值。诊断时IL-6 < 9.99和IL-8 < 8.46的值预示着化疗成功和缓解，而诊断时IL-6 > 14.89则提示化疗不会成功和缓解。多因素分析显示，年龄、Neu、IL-6、IL-8是AML预后的独立危险因素，其中IL-6（OR = 5.48，P = 0.0038）优于年龄（OR = 3.36，P = 0.0379） ，Neu（OR = 0.28，P = 0.0308），IL-8（OR = 0.0421，P = 0.0421）。总之，IL-6 水平被发现可以预测缓解的可能性。© 2023。作者，获得 Springer Nature Switzerland AG 的独家许可。

Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a malignant hematological neoplastic disease. Autocrine or paracrine cytokines released by leukemic cells regulate the proliferation of AML cells. It is uncertain whether cytokines can indicate whether patients with AML are in remission with chemotherapy. The goal of this study was to evaluate the levels of Th1/Th2/Th17 cytokines in AML patients before and after chemotherapy to determine whether the cytokine levels could predict disease remission after chemotherapy. It was found that the levels of IL-5, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, TNF-α, TNF-β, IL-17F, and IL-22 were significantly increased at the time of AML diagnosis in patients who achieved remission after two chemotherapy treatments (P < 0.05). After chemotherapy, the cytokine levels were reduced in patients with remission, while the levels of IL-6 and IL-8 were raised in patients without remission (P < 0.05). A comparison of cytokine levels before and after chemotherapy in patients who achieved remission showed areas under the curve (AUCs) of 0.69 for both IL-6 and IL-8. In addition, a comparison of the remission and non-remission groups after chemotherapy showed an AUC of 0.77 for IL-6. We then calculated the cutoff value using receiver operating characteristic curves. Values of IL-6 < 9.99 and IL-8 < 8.46 at the time of diagnosis were predictive of chemotherapy success and remission, while IL-6 > 14.89 at diagnosis suggested that chemotherapy would not be successful and remission would not be achieved. Multifactorial analysis showed that age, Neu, IL-6, and IL-8 were independent risk factors for AML prognosis, and IL-6 (OR = 5.48, P = 0.0038) was superior to age (OR = 3.36, P = 0.0379), Neu (OR = 0.28, P = 0.0308), IL-8 (OR = 0.0421, P = 0.0421). In conclusion, IL-6 levels were found to be predictive of the likelihood of remission.© 2023. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Switzerland AG.