大约一半的 PTL 患者被诊断为 IE 期原发性甲状腺淋巴瘤 (PTL)；然而，IE PTL 期的最佳治疗方案尚未确定。IE 期 PTL 患者是从 1998 年至 2019 年间的监测、流行病学和最终结果 (SEER) 数据库中确定的。此后，疾病特异性生存率 (DSS) 和通过倾向评分匹配（PSM）后的Kaplan-Meier曲线和对数秩检验对这些患者的治疗方式（单纯手术、手术放疗（RT）和/或化疗（CT）以及RT和/或CT）进行比较。此外，作为外部队列，对2007年至2022年上海交通大学附属第六人民医院和医学院（中国上​​海）的PTL患者进行回顾性分析。SEER数据库中的1596例PTL患者中，842例被确定为IE期PTL患者，平均随访时间为7.8年。 PSM 后的配对分析显示三个治疗组的 DSS 之间没有显着差异。外部队列中共有 38 名 PTL 患者被识别，平均随访时间为 3.4 年。与 RT 和/或 CT 组相比，单纯手术组甲状腺功能减退症的发生率无显着差异 (p = 0.161)，但治疗相关并发症明显较少 (p = 0.021)，治疗时间较短 (p < 0.001) ），并且治疗成本较低（p = 0.025）。我们的研究结果表明，手术对于 IE PTL 期患者来说是一种可行的治疗选择。© 2023。外科肿瘤学会。

Stage IE primary thyroid lymphoma (PTL) has been diagnosed in approximately half of patients with PTL; however, the optimal treatment for stage IE PTL has not yet been established.Stage IE PTL patients were identified from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database between 1998 and 2019. Thereafter, the disease-specific survival (DSS) and treatment modalities (surgery alone, surgery + radiotherapy (RT) and/or chemotherapy (CT), and RT and/or CT) of these patients were compared by Kaplan-Meier curves and log-rank test after propensity score matching (PSM). Additionally, patients with PTL from the Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital of the Shanghai Jiao Tong University and School of Medicine (Shanghai, China) between 2007 and 2022 were retrospectively analyzed as an external cohort.Among the 1596 patients with PTL from the SEER database, 842 were identified as patients with stage IE PTL, with an average follow-up period of 7.8 years. Pairwise analysis after PSM revealed no significant difference between the DSS of the three treatment groups. A total of 38 patients with PTL were identified in the external cohort, with an average follow-up period of 3.4 years. Compared with the RT and/or CT group, the surgery-alone group showed no significant difference in the incidence of hypothyroidism (p = 0.161) but had significantly fewer treatment-related complications (p = 0.021), shorter treatment duration (p < 0.001), and lower treatment costs (p = 0.025).The results of our study demonstrate that surgery is a viable treatment option for patients with stage IE PTL.© 2023. Society of Surgical Oncology.