传统上，生物传感器被设计用于检测一种特定的分析物。然而，疾病进展是由蛋白质和核酸等不同类别的生物分子以高度交互的方式调节的。因此，对单个样本的生物标志物进行更全面的分析对于进一步提高诊断的准确性和治疗的成功率至关重要。本综述总结了用于同时检测蛋白质和核酸的生物识别和传感策略等基础知识，并讨论了与多分析物生物传感器开发相关的挑战。我们概述了用于联合检测与广泛疾病（其中包括癌症和传染病）相关的蛋白质和核酸生物标志物的生物传感器的现状。此外，我们概述了快速发展的单细胞多组学领域中的多分析物分析，以强调其对未来生物标志物发现和验证的重要性。最后，我们对用于医疗诊断的多分析物生物传感器的性能和转化潜力提供了批判性的观点。版权所有 © 2023 作者。由 Elsevier B.V. 出版。保留所有权利。

Traditionally, biosensors are designed to detect one specific analyte. Nevertheless, disease progression is regulated in a highly interactive way by different classes of biomolecules like proteins and nucleic acids. Therefore, a more comprehensive analysis of biomarkers from a single sample is of utmost importance to further improve both, the accuracy of diagnosis as well as the therapeutic success. This review summarizes fundamentals like biorecognition and sensing strategies for the simultaneous detection of proteins and nucleic acids and discusses challenges related to multianalyte biosensor development. We present an overview of the current state of biosensors for the combined detection of protein and nucleic acid biomarkers associated with widespread diseases, among them cancer and infectious diseases. Furthermore, we outline the multianalyte analysis in the rapidly evolving field of single-cell multiomics, to stress its significance for the future discovery and validation of biomarkers. Finally, we provide a critical perspective on the performance and translation potential of multianalyte biosensors for medical diagnostics.Copyright © 2023 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.