卡波西肉瘤 (KS) 是一种常见于 HIV 阳性个体的多灶性血管肿瘤，主要影响皮肤、粘膜、内脏器官和淋巴结。 KS 主要与卡波西肉瘤相关疱疹病毒 (KSHV) 感染有关。在本病例报告中，我们提出了罕见的 KSHV 和 Epstein-Barr 病毒 (EBV) 在 KS 中由结膜共同感染和共定位的情况，据我们所知，以前从未有过报道。利用免疫组织化学 (IHC)、DNA 聚合酶链式反应 (PCR) 和 EBV 编码 RNA 原位杂交 (EBER-ISH) 证明眼部 KS 病变中存在 KSHV 和 EBV 感染。几乎所有 KSHV 阳性细胞均表现出与 EBV 的共感染。此外，通过使用不同的抗 EBNA1 抗体进行多色免疫荧光染色，KS 病变显示 KSHV 潜伏相关核抗原 (LANA) 和 EBV Epstein Barr 病毒核抗原 1 (EBNA1) 共定位，表明存在相互作用的可能性同一病变内的这两种γ疱疹病毒之间。需要进行额外的研究来确定 KS 中的 EBV 合并感染是常见的还是可能导致 KS 发生和进展的机会性事件。版权所有 © 2023 Julius, Kang, Siyumbwa, Musumali, Tso, Ngalamika, Kaile, Maate, Moonga,韦斯特、安杰莱蒂和伍德。

Kaposi sarcoma (KS), a multifocal vascular neoplasm frequently observed in HIV-positive individuals, primarily affects the skin, mucous membranes, visceral organs, and lymph nodes. KS is associated primarily with Kaposi sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) infection. In this case report, we present a rare occurrence of co-infection and co-localization of KSHV and Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) in KS arising from the conjunctiva, which, to our knowledge, has not been reported previously. Immunohistochemistry (IHC), DNA polymerase chain reaction (PCR), and EBV-encoded RNA in situ hybridization (EBER-ISH) were utilized to demonstrate the presence of KSHV and EBV infection in the ocular KS lesion. Nearly all KSHV-positive cells displayed co-infection with EBV. In addition, the KS lesion revealed co-localization of KSHV Latency-Associated Nuclear Antigen (LANA) and EBV Epstein Barr virus Nuclear Antigen-1 (EBNA1) by multi-colored immunofluorescence staining with different anti-EBNA1 antibodies, indicating the possibility of interactions between these two gamma herpesviruses within the same lesion. Additional study is needed to determine whether EBV co-infection in KS is a common or an opportunistic event that might contribute to KS development and progression.Copyright © 2023 Julius, Kang, Siyumbwa, Musumali, Tso, Ngalamika, Kaile, Maate, Moonga, West, Angeletti and Wood.