幽门螺杆菌是一种革兰氏阴性微需氧病原体，可引起多种上消化道疾病，如慢性胃炎、消化性溃疡和胃癌。对于上述疾病，幽门螺杆菌具有不同的致病机制，包括定植和毒力因子表达。做出准确的诊断并为患者提供有效的治疗以取得积极的临床结果至关重要。幽门螺杆菌的检测可以通过侵入性和非侵入性来完成，两者各有优点和局限性。为了提高治疗效果，人们尝试了新的治疗方案以及益生菌和中药的辅助疗法以及传统的经验性治疗，例如三联疗法和铋剂四联疗法。然而，由于细菌耐药性，幽门螺杆菌感染在治疗过程中很难根除，并且没有通用的预防疫苗。本综述的目的是概述我们对幽门螺杆菌感染的了解，并强调当前的治疗和诊断选择。版权所有 © 2023 Sun、Yuan、Zhou、Lu、Zeng、Cai 和 Song。

Helicobacter pylori, a gram-negative microaerophilic pathogen, causes several upper gastrointestinal diseases, such as chronic gastritis, peptic ulcer disease, and gastric cancer. For the diseases listed above, H. pylori has different pathogenic mechanisms, including colonization and virulence factor expression. It is essential to make accurate diagnoses and provide patients with effective treatment to achieve positive clinical outcomes. Detection of H. pylori can be accomplished invasively and noninvasively, with both having advantages and limitations. To enhance therapeutic outcomes, novel therapeutic regimens, as well as adjunctive therapies with probiotics and traditional Chinese medicine, have been attempted along with traditional empiric treatments, such as triple and bismuth quadruple therapies. An H. pylori infection, however, is difficult to eradicate during treatment owing to bacterial resistance, and there is no commonly available preventive vaccine. The purpose of this review is to provide an overview of our understanding of H. pylori infections and to highlight current treatment and diagnostic options.Copyright © 2023 Sun, Yuan, Zhou, Lu, Zeng, Cai and Song.