评估十六世纪施内贝格矿井氡暴露期间矿工器官和组织的吸收剂量，并考虑预期寿命特征和不吸烟情况，计算辐射诱发肺癌和肺纤维化的发生概率。施内贝格矿山的预期氡气浓度已根据已公布的数据进行了估算。基于土壤中的镭浓度和 Agricola 书中雕刻的采矿隧道的几何参数，使用 RESRAD-Build 4.0 对矿山巷道中的氡积聚进行了建模。根据 ICRP 出版物 130 和 137 的数据，使用 WinAct 软件进行人体放射性核素的动态分析。呼吸道组织吸收剂量的值使用 IDAC 2.1 程序获得。几种基于铀矿矿工流行病学的模型已用于计算氡暴露造成的辐射风险。对 16 世纪矿工（20-40 岁不吸烟男性）的男性出生时存活概率和与辐射无关的自发性肺癌的特定年龄频率进行了估计，以正确计算辐射风险。 Schneeberg 矿的评估范围为 75-100 kBq m-3。平衡因子的平均值估计为 0.49 ± 0.03。矿工一年接触氡衰变产物的评估值为 125-165 WLM 第一年。计算了呼吸道不同部位的年吸收剂量值，α辐射的最大吸收剂量形成于肺部的支气管和细支气管区域（2.23 Gy·year-1）。根据 Schneeberg 矿井 10 年的经验，肺部放射性纤维化的确定性效应发生的概率为 60% 至 100%。用于辐射风险评估的所有模型都表明，不吸烟的施内贝格矿工一生中患肺癌的风险比发生确定性辐射效应的风险低许多倍。相比之下，对于 19 世纪吸烟的矿工来说，肺癌成为主要死因。 16 世纪的施内贝格矿工暴露于极高水平的氡气中，所产生的确定性辐射效应，如放射性肺硬化或肺纤维化，是比辐射诱发肺癌的可能性更大。

Assessment of absorbed doses on organs and tissues of miners during radon exposure in the Schneeberg mines in the sixteenth century and calculation of the probability of occurrence of radiation-induced lung cancer and lung fibrosis, considering the life expectancy characteristic and the absence of smoking.The expected radon concentration at the Schneeberg mines has been estimated using published data. Modeling of the accumulation of radon in the working tunnels of mine workings was carried out using the RESRAD-Build 4.0, based on the radium concentration in soil and geometric parameters of the mining tunnel from the engravings in Agricola's book. The dynamics of radionuclides in the human body were performed using the WinAct software in accordance with data from ICRP Publications 130 and 137. The values of absorbed doses on the tissues of the respiratory tract were obtained using the IDAC 2.1 program. Several models based on the epidemiology of uranium miners have been used to calculate radiation risks from radon exposure. The probability of male survival at birth and the age-specific frequency of spontaneous lung cancer not associated with radiation for miners of the sixteenth century (nonsmoking men aged 20-40 years) were estimated to properly calculate the radiation risks.The expected radon concentration in the Schneeberg mines was assessed in the range of 75-100 kBq m-3. The average value of the equilibrium factor was estimated as 0.49 ± 0.03. The annual exposure of miners to radon decay products was assessed as 125-165 WLM year-1. The annual values of absorbed doses to different sections of the respiratory tract were calculated, the maximum absorbed doses of α-radiation are formed on the bronchial and bronchiolar regions of the lungs (2.23 Gy year-1). The deterministic effects as radiation fibrosis of the lungs with 10 years of experience in the mines of Schneeberg have a probability of occurrence from 60 to 100%. All the models used for radiation risk assessments showed that the lifetime risk of developing lung cancer for nonsmoking Schneeberg miners is many times lower than the risk of developing deterministic radiation effects. In contrast, for the smoking cohort of miners in the nineteenth century lung cancer become the dominant cause of death.The deterministic radiation effects of Schneeberg miners in sixteenth century, exposed to extremely high levels of radon, such as radiation pneumosclerosis or pulmonary fibrosis, are more likely than the development of radiation-induced lung cancer.