在癌症治疗中，程序性死亡 1 (PD-1) 和程序性死亡配体 1 (PD-L1) 抑制剂正在蓬勃发展。活化的T淋巴细胞表达PD-1，它与其配体PD-L1一起限制T淋巴细胞活化并预防自身免疫性疾病。肺癌中分子生物标志物和PD-L1的表达决定了肺癌患者合适的治疗策略。本研究的目的是观察一大群突尼斯晚期非小细胞肺癌患者中分子生物标志物和 PD-L1 表达的流行情况。我们进行了一项观察性回顾性研究，从 2019 年 1 月 1 日至 2021 年 12 月 31 日期间的病历和存档组织样本中回顾性提取医疗/治疗史数据。我们收集了 157 名最近被诊断为非小细胞肺癌的患者。 36.9%的病例没有进行分子基因分型。 EGFR (28.6%)、KRAS (5.73%) 和 ALK 基因重排是最常见的基因分型突变 (3.8%)。 ROS1重排不存在。 EGFR 与性别、HER 与年龄、KRAS 与活检组织来源之间存在联系。接受 PD-L1 测试的病例中，有 6 例达到了临界值 (³50%)。 PD-L1 阳性在实体型腺癌中更常见 (1.9%)，而在腺泡或乳头状腺癌中则更常见。 PD-L1 表达在临床和人口统计学参数上没有显着差异。 EGFR 1例、BRAF 1例、KRAS 1例（3例）PD-L1高表达且分子异常。所有其他异常样本的 PD-L1 <50%。发现 ALK、ROS1、BRAF、KRAS 和 MET 与 PD-L1 表达显着相关。我们的研究是该国最大的研究之一，描述了突尼斯肺癌患者的大量生物标志物及其临床病理学/组织病理学关联。我们与具有 EGFR 突变的欧洲患者具有相同的分子特征，这并不是突尼斯患者中最常见的基因型异常。在任何给定时间只有一种突变。 PD-L1 的表达由组织学类型和活检组织的来源决定。

In cancer treatment, programmed death-1 (PD-1) and programmed death ligand-1 (PD-L1) inhibitors are thriving. Activated T lymphocytes expressed PD-1, it works with its ligand PD-L1 to limit T lymphocyte activation and prevent autoimmune disease. The expression of molecular biomarkers and PD-L1 in lung cancer determines the appropriate treatment strategy for patients with lung cancer. The purpose of this study was to look at the prevalence of molecular biomarkers and PD-L1 expression in a large group of Tunisian patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer. We conducted an observational retrospective study in which medical/treatment history data were extracted retrospectively from medical records and archived tissue samples between January 1st 2019 and December 31st 2021. We gathered 157 patients who had recently been diagnosed with non-small cell lung carcinoma. In 36.9%of the cases, there was no molecular genotyping. EGFR (28.6%), KRAS (5.73%), and ALK gene rearrangement were the most common genotyping mutations (3.8%). ROS1 rearrangement was not present. There was a link between EGFR and gender, HER and age, and KRAS and biopsy tissue origin. Six of the tested cases with PD-L1 met the cut-off (³50%). PD-L1 positivity was more common in solid type adenocarcinoma (1.9%) than in acinar or papillary adenocarcinoma. There were no significant differences in PD-L1 expression across clinical and demographic parameters. High PD-L1 expression and molecular abnormalities were found in 1 case of EGFR, 1 case of BRAF, and 1 case of KRAS (3 cases). All of the other specimens with abnormalities had a PD-L1 <50%. ALK, ROS1, BRAF, KRAS, and MET were found to be significantly associated with PD-L1 expression. Our study is one of the country's largest, describing a large panel of biomarkers and their clinicopathologic/histopathologic associations in Tunisian lung cancer patients. We have the same molecular profile as European patients with an EGFR mutation, which is not the most common genotype abnormality in Tunisian patients. There is only one mutation at any given time. The expression of PD-L1 is determined by the histologic type and the origin of the biopsy tissue.