年龄≥65岁的成年人患有癌症的人数正在迅速增加。患有癌症的老年人容易遭受与治疗相关的急性和慢性不良事件，导致丧失独立性、身体功能下降和生活质量下降。然而，预防或治疗老年癌症患者急性和慢性不良事件的循证干预措施是有限的。几种与炎症和表观遗传修饰相关的有前景的血液生物标志物可用于识别患有癌症的老年人，这些老年人加速衰老以及由癌症及其治疗引起的身体、功能和认知障碍的风险增加。炎症变化和表观遗传修饰是可逆的，并且可以通过生活方式的改变和干预来靶向。在这里，我们讨论炎症和表观遗传途径的变化影响衰老过程的方式，以及如何通过旨在减少炎症和衰老相关生物标志物的干预措施来针对这些途径。随着患有癌症的老年人数量持续增加，了解如何增强治疗益处同时减少加速衰老的影响变得越来越重要。版权所有 © 2023。由 Elsevier Ltd 出版。

The number of adults aged ≥ 65 years with cancer is rapidly increasing. Older adults with cancer are susceptible to treatment-related acute and chronic adverse events, resulting in loss of independence, reduction in physical function, and decreased quality of life. Nevertheless, evidence-based interventions to prevent or treat acute and chronic adverse events in older adults with cancer are limited. Several promising blood-based biomarkers related to inflammation and epigenetic modifications are available to identify older adults with cancer who are at increased risk of accelerated aging and physical, functional, and cognitive impairments caused by the cancer and its treatment. Inflammatory changes and epigenetic modifications can be reversible and targeted by lifestyle changes and interventions. Here we discuss ways in which changes in inflammatory and epigenetic pathways influence the aging process and how these pathways can be targeted by interventions aimed at reducing inflammation and aging-associated biological markers. As the number of older adults with cancer entering survivorship continues to increase, it is becoming progressively more important to understand ways in which the benefit from treatment can be enhanced while reducing the effects of accelerated aging.Copyright © 2023. Published by Elsevier Ltd.