胆固醇是细胞膜的重要组成部分，有助于维持细胞膜的结构和功能。胆固醇代谢异常与肿瘤的发生和进展有关。由内部或外部刺激引发的胆固醇代谢变化可以促进肿瘤生长。在转移过程中，肿瘤细胞需要大量胆固醇来支持其生长和新器官的定殖。最近的研究表明，胆固醇代谢在肿瘤发展过程中被重新编程，这也会影响周围环境中免疫细胞的抗肿瘤活性。然而，确定胆固醇代谢中调节癌症进展和肿瘤微环境的具体靶点仍然是一个挑战。此外，探索他汀类药物与其他疗法相结合治疗不同类型癌症的潜力可能是未来药物开发的一个有价值的途径。在这篇综述中，我们重点关注胆固醇及其衍生物在细胞代谢和肿瘤微环境中的分子机制，并讨论抑制胆固醇稳态的具体靶点和相关治疗药物。版权所有 © 2023。由爱思唯尔公司出版。

Cholesterol is an essential component of cell membranes and helps to maintain their structure and function. Abnormal cholesterol metabolism has been linked to the development and progression of tumors. Changes in cholesterol metabolism triggered by internal or external stimuli can promote tumor growth. During metastasis, tumor cells require large amounts of cholesterol to support their growth and colonization of new organs. Recent research has shown that cholesterol metabolism is reprogrammed during tumor development, and this can also affect the anti-tumor activity of immune cells in the surrounding environment. However, identifying the specific targets in cholesterol metabolism that regulate cancer progression and the tumor microenvironment is still a challenge. Additionally, exploring the potential of combining statin drugs with other therapies for different types of cancer could be a worthwhile avenue for future drug development. In this review, we focus on the molecular mechanisms of cholesterol and its derivatives in cell metabolism and the tumor microenvironment, and discuss specific targets and relevant therapeutic agents that inhibit aspects of cholesterol homeostasis.Copyright © 2023. Published by Elsevier Inc.