乳腺癌是最常见的恶性肿瘤之一，也是女性癌症相关死亡的主要原因。乳腺成像对于筛查、诊断和治疗监测至关重要。随着精准医疗需求的不断增加，乳腺癌的异质性使得需要深入挖掘和合理利用海量的乳腺影像信息。随着计算机科学的快速发展，人工智能（AI）在图像信息的处理和挖掘方面具有巨大的优势。因此，越来越多的学者开始关注和研究人工智能在乳腺成像中的应用。本文概述了乳腺影像数据库和人工智能研究的最新进展，讨论了该领域的挑战和问题，并从国家自然科学基金委员会的角度进一步为当前的科学发展提供了建设性建议。 © 2023 作者。河南大学和约翰·威利出版的《探索》

Breast cancer ranks among the most prevalent malignant tumours and is the primary contributor to cancer-related deaths in women. Breast imaging is essential for screening, diagnosis, and therapeutic surveillance. With the increasing demand for precision medicine, the heterogeneous nature of breast cancer makes it necessary to deeply mine and rationally utilize the tremendous amount of breast imaging information. With the rapid advancement of computer science, artificial intelligence (AI) has been noted to have great advantages in processing and mining of image information. Therefore, a growing number of scholars have started to focus on and research the utility of AI in breast imaging. Here, an overview of breast imaging databases and recent advances in AI research are provided, the challenges and problems in this field are discussed, and then constructive advice is further provided for ongoing scientific developments from the perspective of the National Natural Science Foundation of China.© 2023 The Authors. Exploration published by Henan University and John Wiley & Sons Australia, Ltd.