金属基纳米材料进入肿瘤细胞后因其独特的生物理化性质，即生物效应，近年来受到广泛关注。特别是Ca2+调节T细胞受体激活、K+调节干细胞分化、Mn2+激活STING通路、Fe2/3诱导肿瘤铁死亡和增强催化治疗的能力，使金属离子和金属基纳米材料成为可能。在癌症治疗中发挥着至关重要的作用。因此，由于金属基纳米材料的优越优势和肿瘤微环境的特点，我们将总结金属基纳米材料抗肿瘤生物学作用的最新进展。基于金属基纳米材料对肿瘤细胞的不同作用，本综述主要集中在以下五个方面：（1）金属增强放疗增敏，（2）金属增强催化治疗，（3）金属增强铁死亡， (4)金属增强的细胞焦亡，以及(5)金属增强的免疫疗法。同时也讨论了金属基纳米材料在肿瘤治疗中的生物学效应的不足，并对未来的研究方向进行了展望。金属基纳米材料的生物安全性、生物效应在肿瘤治疗中的强大功效以及各种生物效应机制的深入研究，为纳米材料未来的生物应用提供了新的思路。© 2023 作者。河南大学和约翰·威利出版的《探索》

Metal-based nanomaterials have attracted broad attention recently due to their unique biological physical and chemical properties after entering tumor cells, namely biological effects. In particular, the abilities of Ca2+ to modulate T cell receptors activation, K+ to regulate stem cell differentiation, Mn2+ to activate the STING pathway, and Fe2+/3+ to induce tumor ferroptosis and enhance catalytic therapy, make the metal ions and metal-based nanomaterials play crucial roles in the cancer treatments. Therefore, due to the superior advantages of metal-based nanomaterials and the characteristics of the tumor microenvironment, we will summarize the recent progress of the anti-tumor biological effects of metal-based nanomaterials. Based on the different effects of metal-based nanomaterials on tumor cells, this review mainly focuses on the following five aspects: (1) metal-enhanced radiotherapy sensitization, (2) metal-enhanced catalytic therapy, (3) metal-enhanced ferroptosis, (4) metal-enhanced pyroptosis, and (5) metal-enhanced immunotherapy. At the same time, the shortcomings of the biological effects of metal-based nanomaterials on tumor therapy are also discussed, and the future research directions have been prospected. The highlights of promising biosafety, potent efficacy on biological effects for tumor therapy, and the in-depth various biological effects mechanism studies of metal-based nanomaterials provide novel ideas for the future biological application of the nanomaterials.© 2023 The Authors. Exploration published by Henan University and John Wiley & Sons Australia, Ltd.