多室聚合物囊泡（MCP）是指不仅在膜内或内腔中包含单个室的聚合物囊泡，而且还模仿活细胞的区室化结构，在程序化递送和生物应用中引起了广泛关注。 MCP的研究可能会促进软纳米材料在生物医学中的应用。本综述旨在重点介绍 MCP 的设计原理、合成策略和生物医学应用的最新进展。讨论了区室化类型，包括化学、物理和混合区室化。随后，总结了通过两亲聚合物自组装、双重乳化、共沉淀、微流控和颗粒组装等方法设计和控制合成MCPs。此外，还强调了 MCP 在各种货物的程序化输送和生物应用（包括癌症治疗、抗菌药物和血糖水平调节）方面的多样化应用。最后，从受控合成和应用方面提出了MCP的未来展望。

Multicompartment polymersomes (MCPs) refer to polymersomes that not only contain one single compartment, either in the membrane or in the internal cavity, but also mimic the compartmentalized structure of living cells, attracting much attention in programmed delivery and biological applications. The investigation of MCPs may promote the application of soft nanomaterials in biomedicine. This Review seeks to highlight the recent advances of the design principles, synthetic strategies, and biomedical applications of MCPs. The compartmentalization types including chemical, physical, and hybrid compartmentalization are discussed. Subsequently, the design and controlled synthesis of MCPs by the self-assembly of amphiphilic polymers, double emulsification, coprecipitation, microfluidics and particle assembly, etc. are summarized. Furthermore, the diverse applications of MCPs in programmed delivery of various cargoes and biological applications including cancer therapy, antimicrobials, and regulation of blood glucose levels are highlighted. Finally, future perspectives of MCPs from the aspects of controlled synthesis and applications are proposed.