脂肪细胞源自多能间充质干细胞，可以发育成多种细胞类型，包括脂肪细胞、肌细胞、软骨细胞和骨细胞。脂肪细胞分化受到多种转录因子和信号通路的调节。各种表观遗传因素，特别是组蛋白修饰，在脂肪细胞分化中发挥关键作用，并且在改变染色质构象方面具有不可或缺的功能。组蛋白乙酰化酶和去乙酰化酶参与蛋白质乙酰化的调节，介导转录和翻译后修饰，并直接乙酰化或去乙酰化各种转录因子和调节蛋白。干细胞的脂肪细胞分化在多种代谢疾病中发挥着关键作用。癌症干细胞(CSCs)在癌症转移、复发、耐药等方面发挥重要作用，并具有干细胞的特性。它们在各种细胞谱系中表达，包括脂肪细胞。最近的研究表明，经过上皮间质转化的癌症干细胞可以进行脂肪细胞分化，从而降低恶性程度。这为癌症治疗开辟了新的可能性。本文综述了脂肪细胞分化过程中乙酰化的调控，包括组蛋白乙酰化酶和去乙酰化酶以及非组蛋白乙酰化修饰的功能。对癌细胞分化为良性细胞表型过程中脂肪生成和乙酰化的机制研究可能有助于确定癌症治疗的新靶点。版权所有 © 2023。由 Elsevier Inc. 出版。

Adipocytes are derived from pluripotent mesenchymal stem cells and can develop into several cell types including adipocytes, myocytes, chondrocytes, and osteocytes. Adipocyte differentiation is regulated by a variety of transcription factors and signaling pathways. Various epigenetic factors, particularly histone modifications, play key roles in adipocyte differentiation and have indispensable functions in altering chromatin conformation. Histone acetylases and deacetylases participate in the regulation of protein acetylation, mediate transcriptional and post-translational modifications, and directly acetylate or deacetylate various transcription factors and regulatory proteins. The adipocyte differentiation of stem cells plays a key role in various metabolic diseases. Cancer stem cells(CSCs) play an important function in cancer metastasis, recurrence, and drug resistance, and have the characteristics of stem cells. They are expressed in various cell lineages, including adipocytes. Recent studies have shown that cancer stem cells that undergo epithelial-mesenchymal transformation can undergo adipocytic differentiation, thereby reducing the degree of malignancy. This opens up new possibilities for cancer treatment. This review summarizes the regulation of acetylation during adipocyte differentiation, involving the functions of histone acetylating and deacetylating enzymes as well as non-histone acetylation modifications. Mechanistic studies on adipogenesis and acetylation during the differentiation of cancer cells into a benign cell phenotype may help identify new targets for cancer treatment.Copyright © 2023. Published by Elsevier Inc.