基于非蒽环类 (ANT) 的化疗可提高结外自然杀伤/T 细胞淋巴瘤 (ENKTCL) 患者的生存率。然而，各种药物组合的相对疗效一直存在争议。我们的目的是为新诊断的 ENKTCL 确定最有效的化疗方案。进行网络荟萃分析来评估不同方案的生存率和治疗反应的差异。主要目标是总生存期（OS），次要目标包括无进展生存期（PFS）、客观缓解率（ORR）和完全缓解（CR）。我们利用贝叶斯框架来执行网络元分析。排名概率通过累积排名曲线（SUCRA）下的表面进行评估。采用节点分裂法来评估不一致性。10 项研究总共纳入了 1,113 名患者。化疗方案分为五种模式，可进行六种类型的直接比较。我们发现基于天冬酰胺酶 (ASP)/吉西他滨 (GEM) 的方案在 OS 方面优于基于 ANT、非 ASP/ANT 和基于 ASP/甲氨蝶呤 (MTX) 的方案。尽管与基于 ASP/非其他指定的方案相比没有观察到显着差异，但基于 ASP/GEM 的方案仍然是 OS 的最佳选择化疗方案。此外，基于 ASP/GEM 的方案在 PFS、ORR 和 CR 方面表现出优势。根据我们的网络荟萃分析，基于 ASP/GEM 的方案似乎有可能成为 ENKTCL 最有效的一线化疗选择。版权所有 2023 ，罗等人。

Treatment with non-anthracycline (ANT)-based chemotherapy has increased survival in patients with extranodal natural killer/T-cell lymphoma (ENKTCL). However, the relative efficacy of various drug combinations has been contentious. We aimed to identify the most effective chemotherapy regimens for newly diagnosed ENKTCL.A network meta-analysis was performed to evaluate the differences in survival and treatment responses across various regimens. The primary objective was overall survival (OS), while secondary outcomes included progression-free survival (PFS), objective response rate (ORR), and complete response (CR). We utilized a Bayesian framework to perform the network meta-analysis. Rank probabilities were assessed by the surface under the cumulative ranking curve (SUCRA). Node-splitting method was used to assess the inconsistency.A total of 1,113 patients were enrolled across 10 studies. Chemotherapy regimens were grouped into five modalities, for which six types of direct comparisons were available. We identified the asparaginase (ASP)/gemcitabine (GEM)-based regimens superiority over ANT-based, non-ASP/ANT-based and ASP/methotrexate (MTX)-based regimens on OS. Although no significant differences were observed compared with ASP/not otherwise specified-based, ASP/GEM-based regimens were still the best option chemotherapy for OS. Moreover, the ASP/GEM-based regimens demonstrated advantages in PFS, ORR and CR.According to our network meta-analysis, it appears that ASP/GEM-based regimens could potentially serve as the most effective frontline chemotherapy option for ENKTCL.Copyright 2023, Luo et al.