肘部外侧疼痛是一种常见的肌肉骨骼疾病，大多数是非特异性和良性的。在极少数情况下，它可能是尤文氏肉瘤 (ES) 等严重疾病的首发症状。 ES 是年轻人中第二常见的原发性恶性骨肿瘤，预后不良的可能性很高。本病例报告介绍了一名年轻人向物理治疗师就诊时被诊断为右肘“上髁炎”的病史，后来被发现是尺骨的侵略性 ES。引起临床疑问的发现是（a）即使在夜间也持续疼痛且不依赖于负荷，（b）功能显着丧失，（c）患者年轻，以及（d）肘部可触及肿块。诊断后，患者接受医疗（化疗、放疗和手术）和康复计划。治疗后，患者肘部功能得到改善，残疾减少并恢复社会参与，在 2 年随访中保持积极结果。 总之，本病例报告强调了鉴别诊断和筛查转介身体健康危险信号的重要性。治疗。此外，它还描述了 ES 患者的康复，丰富了该领域的科学文献。© 2023 John Wiley

Lateral elbow pain represents a common musculoskeletal disorder, mostly non-specific and benign. In rare cases, it can be the first symptom of a severe disease such as Ewing's sarcoma (ES). ES is the second most common primary malignant bone tumor in the young population, with a high probability of an unfavourable prognosis.This case report presents the history of a young man presenting to the physical therapist with a diagnosis of "epicondylitis" in the right elbow, which was later revealed to be an aggressive ES of the ulna. Findings raising clinical doubts were (a) constant pain even at night and not dependent on load, (b) significant loss of function, (c) patient's young age, and (d) a palpable mass in the elbow.After diagnosis, the patient received medical (chemotherapy, radiotherapy and surgery) and a rehabilitation program. After treatment, the patient improved elbow function, decreased disability and returned to social participation, maintaining positive outcomes at the 2-year follow-up.In summary, this case report emphasizes the importance of differential diagnosis and screening for referral of red flags in physical therapy. Moreover, it describes the rehabilitation of a patient with ES, enriching the scientific literature in the field.© 2023 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.