为了准确揭示胃肠道疾病的场景和机制，建立肠道疾病体外模型和药物筛选平台成为人们关注的焦点。在过去的几十年里，动物模型和永生化细胞系为胃肠道研究提供了有价值但有限的见解。近年来，肠道类器官培养系统的发展彻底改变了肠道疾病的体外研究。肠类器官来源于自我更新和自我组织的肠干细胞（ISC），它可以复制原始组织的遗传特征、功能和结构。因此，它们为体外研究各种肠道疾病提供了新的策略。在这篇综述中，我们将讨论肠道类器官的培养技术，并描述肠道类器官作为肠道疾病研究工具的用途。肠上皮细胞（IEC）在炎症性肠病（IBD）的发病机制和肠上皮功能障碍的治疗中的作用将得到强调。此外，我们回顾了目前使用肠道类器官作为模型来研究上皮功能障碍引起的IBD发病机制并开发新的治疗方法的知识。最后，我们阐明了当前使用肠道类器官作为体外模型所面临的挑战。© 2023。作者获得 Springer Science Business Media, LLC（Springer Nature 旗下公司）的独家许可。

To accurately reveal the scenario and mecahnism of gastrointestinal diseases, the establishment of in vitro models of intestinal diseases and drug screening platforms have become the focus of attention. Over the past few decades, animal models and immortalized cell lines have provided valuable but limited insights into gastrointestinal research. In recent years, the development of intestinal organoid culture system has revolutionized in vitro studies of intestinal diseases. Intestinal organoids are derived from self-renewal and self-organization intestinal stem cells (ISCs), which can replicate the genetic characteristics, functions, and structures of the original tissues. Consequently, they provide new stragety for studying various intestinal diseases in vitro. In the review, we will discuss the culture techniques of intestinal organoids and describe the use of intestinal organoids as research tools for intestinal diseases. The role of intestinal epithelial cells (IECs) played in the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) and the treatment of intestinal epithelial dysfunction will be highlighted. Besides, we review the current knowledge on using intestinal organoids as models to study the pathogenesis of IBD caused by epithelial dysfunction and to develop new therapeutic approaches. Finally, we shed light on the current challenges of using intestinal organoids as in vitro models.© 2023. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature.