COVID-19（2019 冠状病毒病）由 SARS-CoV-2（严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒-2）引起，可导致肺炎、细胞因子风暴和淋巴细胞减少。由于免疫抑制，癌症患者更容易感染 SARS-CoV-2 和严重的 COVID-19。最近的研究表明，NRP1（神经毡蛋白 1）可能作为 SARS-CoV-2 进入宿主细胞的新型介质。由于尚未对泛癌中NRP1的特征进行系统评价，因此我们对泛癌患者中的NRP1进行了全面分析。使用生物信息学方法，我们旨在系统地检查泛癌组织和健康组织中的 NRP1 表达谱。我们发现肺癌和泌尿生殖系统癌症比其他癌症患者的 NRP-1 表达相对较高，表明这些患者可能更容易感染 SARS-CoV-2。我们的分析进一步表明，感染 SARS-CoV-2 的 Vero E6 细胞、全血、肺类器官、睾丸组织和肺泡球中 NRP1 表达下调。值得注意的是，NRP1 与大多数癌症患者的免疫细胞浸润、免疫检查点基因和免疫相关基因相关。这些研究结果表明，在患有特定类型癌症（尤其是肺癌和泌尿生殖系统癌症）的患者中，NRP1 的高表达会增加对 SARS-CoV-2 感染的易感性，并增加细胞因子风暴造成损害的风险。总体而言，NRP1 似乎在调节许多肿瘤类型的免疫特性和代谢中发挥着关键作用。 NRP1 抗原的特异性抑制剂（pegaptanib、EG00229 或 MNRP1685A）与其他抗 SARS-CoV-2 策略相结合可能有助于治疗 SARS-CoV-2 感染后患有肺癌和泌尿生殖系统癌症的患者。© 2023。作者），获得 Springer Science Business Media, LLC（Springer Nature 的一部分）的独家许可。

COVID-19 (Coronavirus disease 2019) is caused by SARS-CoV-2 (severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2), which can lead to pneumonia, cytokine storms, and lymphopenia. Patients with cancer are more susceptible to SARS-CoV-2 infection and severe COVID-19 due to immunosuppression. Recent studies have indicated that NRP1 (Neuropilin 1) may act as a novel mediator of SARS-CoV-2 entry into the host cell. As no systematic review has been performed investigating the characteristics of NRP1 in pan-carcinoma, we comprehensively analyzed NRP1 in patients with pan-cancer. Using a bioinformatics approach, we aimed to systematically examine NRP1 expression profiles in both pan-carcinoma and healthy tissues. We found that lung and genitourinary cancers have a relatively higher NRP-1 expression than other cancer patients, suggesting that these patients may be more susceptible to SARS-CoV-2. Our analysis further revealed that NRP1 expression was downregulated in Vero E6 cells, whole blood, lung organoids, testis tissue, and alveolospheres infected with SARS-CoV-2. Notably, NRP1 was associated with immune cell infiltration, immune checkpoint genes, and immune-related genes in most patients with cancer. These findings suggest that, in patients with specific types of cancer, especially lung and genitourinary, high expression of NRP1 contributes to greater susceptibility to SARS-CoV-2 infection and an increased risk of damage due to cytokine storms. Overall, NRP1 appears to play a critical role in regulating immunological properties and metabolism in many tumor types. Specific inhibitors of the NRP1 antigen (pegaptanib, EG00229, or MNRP1685A) combined with other anti-SARS-CoV-2 strategies may aid in treating patients with lung and genitourinary cancers following SARS-CoV-2 infection.© 2023. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature.