敌敌畏（2,2-二氯乙烯基二甲基磷酸酯，[DDVP]）属于有机磷酸酯类，广泛用作农业耕作和收获后储存单位的杀虫剂。已经进行了广泛的研究来评估导致敌敌畏在陆地和水生生态系统以及整个食物链中存在的因素。大量研究表明食物链中存在敌敌畏代谢物及其对哺乳动物的毒性。这些研究强调，立即和长期接触敌敌畏都会破坏宿主的体内平衡，导致多器官损伤。此外，敌敌畏是一种强效致癌物，可诱发癌症并危害水生系统。因此，了解敌敌畏的污染及其对植物和哺乳动物的毒理学影响对于最大限度地减少潜在风险并提高未来的安全性至关重要。本综述旨在全面整合敌敌畏的分布、生态效应和健康影响及其代谢、检测、预防和修复策略的信息。总之，本研究观察了敌敌畏污染物在蔬菜和水果中的分布情况，对人类造成显着的毒性。尽管正在出现几种检测和生物修复策略，但敌敌畏的不当应用以及食品中敌敌畏污染的惊人水平会导致人体毒性，需要引起注意。版权所有 © 2023。由 Elsevier Inc. 出版。

Dichlorvos (2,2-Dichlorovinyl dimethyl phosphate, [DDVP]) belongs to the class of organophosphates and is widely used as an insecticide in agriculture farming and post-harvest storage units. Extensive research has been conducted to assess the factors responsible for the presence of DDVP in terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems, as well as the entire food chain. Numerous studies have demonstrated the presence of DDVP metabolites in the food chain and their toxicity to mammals. These studies emphasize that both immediate and chronic exposure to DDVP can disrupt the host's homeostasis, leading to multi-organ damage. Furthermore, as a potent carcinogen, DDVP can induce cancer and harm aquatic systems. Therefore, understanding the contamination of DDVP and its toxicological effects on both plants and mammals is vital for minimizing potential risks and enhancing safety in the future. This review aimed to comprehensively consolidate information about the distribution, ecological effects, and health impacts of DDVP, as well as its metabolism, detection, prevention, and remediation strategies. In summary, this study observed the distribution of DDVP contaminations in vegetables and fruits, which results in significant toxicity to humans. Although several detection and bioremediation strategies are emerging, the improper application of DDVP and the alarming level of DDVP contamination in foods lead to human toxicity that requires attention.Copyright © 2023. Published by Elsevier Inc.