在一些外科专业中，运动作为康复计划的一部分可以促进康复。然而，对于泌尿肿瘤患者来说，截至 2020 年的证据并未表明在术后并发症或住院时间 (LOS) 方面有显着益处。我们回顾了2020年至2023年的文献，筛选了205篇报告，其中全文包含4篇。两项回顾性队列研究尽管存在潜在的混杂风险，但仍表明术前锻炼可能会减少 LOS。其中一项研究还表明出现并发症的可能性较低。目前的证据暗示，在泌尿肿瘤患者的预康复中嵌入运动的潜在益处，特别是对于短期功能结果。然而，对术后并发症和 LOS 的直接影响的证据仍无定论。未来的研究应优先确定能产生最具成本效益的具体运动（例如，无氧运动与有氧运动、力量训练、耐力或呼吸运动）。患者摘要：最近的研究表明，手术前锻炼可能有助于泌尿系癌症患者改善短期健康状况。需要更多的研究来了解手术前锻炼是否可以缩短住院时间或减少并发症。版权所有 © 2023。由 Elsevier B.V. 出版。

In several surgical specialities, exercise as part of a prehabilitation program enhances recovery. However, for uro-oncological patients, evidence up to 2020 did not demonstrate significant benefits in terms of postoperative complications or hospital length of stay (LOS). We reviewed the literature from 2020 to 2023 and screened 205 reports, of which four full texts were included. Two retrospective cohort studies, despite having potential confounding risks, indicated that preoperative exercise might reduce LOS. One of these studies also suggested a lower likelihood of complications. Present evidence hints at the potential benefits of embedding exercise in prehabilitation for uro-oncological patients, particularly for short-term functional results. However, evidence on a direct effect on postoperative complications and LOS is still inconclusive. Future research should prioritise identification of specific exercises (eg, anaerobic vs aerobic, strength training, endurance, or respiratory exercises) that yield the most cost-effective benefits. PATIENT SUMMARY: Recent studies suggest that exercising before surgery might help people with urological cancers to improve their short-term fitness. More research is needed to see if exercise before surgery shortens hospital stays or reduces complications.Copyright © 2023. Published by Elsevier B.V.