颈部神经鞘瘤是一种罕见的肿瘤，通常像无痛的颈侧肿块一样发生，但当生长和出现症状时需要根治性切除。荧光素钠 (SF) 是一种被神经鞘瘤吸收的染料，这使得它适合用于切除困难或复发病例。我们描述了一名出现颈部迷走神经神经鞘瘤复发的患者的病例尽管存在丰富的病灶周围纤维化，但通过利用 SF 对神经鞘瘤和附近组织进行染色的能力，我们实现了完整的显微外科手术。这种情况的发生是由于血管通透性改变，使我们能够在显微镜可视化（黄色 560 nm 滤光片）下更好地区分病变边界和反应性疤痕组织。复发性颈神经鞘瘤由于其与神经、主要颈血管、以及围绕病变的疤痕组织。尽管SF可以穿过血脑屏障和血肿瘤屏障，但肿瘤组织的浸润仍大于非肿瘤周围组织。这种行为可能有助于更安全地去除此类病变，同时尊重连续的解剖结构。版权所有：© 2023 Surgical Neurology International。

Cervical schwannoma is a rare neoplasm that usually occurs like a nondolent lateral neck mass but when growing and symptomatic requires radical excision. Sodium fluorescein (SF) is a dye that is uptake by schwannomas, which makes it amenable for its use in the resection of difficult or recurrent cases.We describe the case of a patient presenting with a recurrence of a vagus nerve schwannoma in the cervical region and the step-by-step technique for its complete microsurgical exeresis helped by the use of SF dye.We achieved a complete microsurgical exeresis, despite the presence of exuberant perilesional fibrosis, by exploiting the ability of SF to stain the schwannoma and nearby tissues. That happens due to altered vascular permeability, allowing us to better differentiate the lesion boundaries and reactive scar tissue under microscope visualization (YELLOW 560 nm filter).Recurrent cervical schwannoma might represent a surgical challenge due to its relation to the nerve, main cervical vessels, and the scar tissue encompassing the lesion. Although SF can cross both blood-brain and blood-tumor barriers, the impregnation of neoplastic tissue is still greater than that of nonneoplastic peripheric tissues. Such behavior may facilitate a safer removal of this kind of lesion while respecting contiguous anatomical structures.Copyright: © 2023 Surgical Neurology International.