产生白细胞介素 (IL)-10 的 B (B10) 细胞是响应肿瘤微环境的信号而产生的，并通过与 B10 细胞相互作用促进肿瘤生长。我们调查了胃癌（GC）患者外周血和肿瘤组织样本中免疫细胞的分布。2020年8月至2021年5月期间在首尔圣母医院接受根治性胃切除术的GC患者纳入本研究。采集42份外周血样本，并在手术后从每位患者身上采集一对胃粘膜样本（正常粘膜和癌粘膜；不影响肿瘤诊断或分期）。通过流式细胞术和免疫荧光研究外周血和癌粘膜样本中的 B10 细胞。 AGS 细胞（胃癌细胞系）与 IL-10 一起培养，并测量细胞死亡和细胞因子分泌。此外，将AGS细胞与CD19  B细胞共培养并测量细胞因子分泌。与对照组相比，GC患者血液中的B10细胞群明显增多。在胃粘膜组织的共焦图像中，癌性粘膜比正常粘膜含有更多的 B10 细胞。癌粘膜中的 B10 细胞数量随着癌症分期的增加而增加。当 AGS 细胞在细胞死亡条件下培养 1 天后，IL-10 刺激后细胞坏死显着减少，增殖增加。通过将AGS细胞与GC衍生的CD19 B细胞共培养，癌细胞分泌的肿瘤坏死因子(TNF)-α、IL-8、IL-1β和血管内皮生长因子显着增加。B细胞可能是其中的群体之一通过诱导 GC 中炎症介质（如 IL-10）的产生来促进癌变。针对 B10 细胞活性可以​​改善抗肿瘤免疫治疗的效果。视频摘要。© 2023。作者。

Interleukin (IL)-10-producing B (B10) cells are generated in response to signals from the tumor microenvironment and promote tumor growth by interacting with B10 cells. We investigated the distributions of immune cells in peripheral blood and tumor tissue samples from patients with gastric cancer (GC).Patients with GC who underwent radical gastrectomy in Seoul St. Mary's Hospital between August 2020 and May 2021 were enrolled in this study. Forty-two samples of peripheral blood were collected, and a pair of gastric mucosal samples (normal and cancerous mucosa; did not influence tumor diagnosis or staging) was collected from each patient after surgery. B10 cells in peripheral blood and cancer mucosa samples were investigated by flow cytometry and immunofluorescence. AGS cells, gastric cancer cell line, were cultured with IL-10 and measured cell death and cytokine secretion. Also, AGS cells were co-cultured with CD19 + B cells and measured cytokine secretion.The population of B10 cells was significantly larger in the blood of patients with GC compared with controls. In confocal images of gastric mucosal tissues, cancerous mucosa contained more B10 cells than normal mucosa. The population of B10 cells in cancerous mucosa increased with cancer stage. When AGS cells were cultured under cell-death conditions, cellular necrosis was significantly decreased, and proliferation was increased, for 1 day after IL-10 stimulation. Tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, IL-8, IL-1β, and vascular endothelial growth factor secretion by cancer cells was significantly increased by coculture of AGS cells with GC-derived CD19+ B cells.B cells may be one of the populations that promote carcinogenesis by inducing the production of inflammatory mediators, such as IL-10, in GC. Targeting B10 cells activity could improve the outcomes of antitumor immunotherapy. Video Abstract.© 2023. The Author(s).