睾丸生殖细胞肿瘤（GCT）是青少年和年轻成年男性中最常见的实体瘤。过去 50 年来，GCT 的治疗取得了进展，晚期疾病的治愈率大幅提高，从 20 世纪 70 年代的 25% 提高到近 80%。然而，复发或铂类难治性疾病的发生比例较高，其中 20% 会因疾病进展而死亡。本文回顾了当前颅外 GCT 的循证治疗方法、可能导致的急性和慢性毒性作用，并重点介绍了该领域的当代进展和进展。© 2023 作者。 CA：Wiley periodicals LLC 代表美国癌症协会出版的《临床医生癌症杂志》。

Testicular germ cell tumor (GCT) is the most common solid tumor in adolescent and young adult men. Progress in the management of GCT has been made in the last 50 years, with a substantial improvement in cure rates for advanced disease, from 25% in the 1970s to nearly 80%. However, relapsed or platinum-refractory disease occurs in a proportion, 20% of whom will die from disease progression. This article reviews the current evidence-based treatments for extracranial GCT, the acute and chronic toxic effects that may result, and highlights contemporary advances and progress in the field.© 2023 The Authors. CA: A Cancer Journal for Clinicians published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of American Cancer Society.