尚未研究 2 型糖尿病 (T2DM) 亚组中的脂质运载蛋白-2 (LCN2) 水平。本研究的目的是调查 T2DM 亚组的 LCN2 水平、胰岛素抵抗、尿白蛋白排泄和炎症状态。共评估了 251 名新诊断的 T2DM 患者。测量了 LCN2、糖化血红蛋白 (HbA1c)、FPG、肿瘤坏死因子-α (TNF-α)、白介素-6 (IL-6) 和高敏 C 反应蛋白 (hsCRP) 水平。糖尿病患者被分为三个亚组：仅诊断为空腹血糖 (FPG) 的患者 (FPG-DM)、患有单纯糖化血红蛋白 (HbA1c) 糖尿病 (A1c-DM) 的患者以及同时满足 FPG 和糖尿病标准的患者 (FPG-DM)。 HbA1c (FPG/A1c-DM)。白蛋白肌酐比 (ACR)、估计肾小球滤过率 (eGFR)、胰岛素抵抗稳态模型评估 (HOMA-IR) 以及调整后的 LCN2 值，例如 LCN2/炎症指数 (LCN2/Inf) 和 LCN2 FPG-DM 中的 ACR、HOMA-IR 和糖尿患病率显着高于 A1c-DM。相反，两组之间的 LCN2、eGFR 和促炎细胞因子水平没有观察到显着差异。 FPG/A1c-DM 患者的 LCN2、TNF-α、IL-6 和 hsCRP 水平显着高于 A1c-DM 或 FPG-DM 患者。 FPG/A1c-DM 中 LCN2 和 LCN2/Inf 之间的百分比差异是 LCN2 和 LCN2/Cr 之间的百分比差异的 3.2 倍。 FPG-DM 的存在导致蛋白尿患病率增加 1.8 倍（比值比，1.876；95% CI，1.014 - 3.295；p < 0.001）。 FPG 识别蛋白尿的能力优于 HbA1c（曲线下面积：0.629，95% CI，0.553 - 0.706 对比 0.522，95% CI，0.436 - 0.605，p < 0.001）。LCN2 升高可能主要是由于炎症比肾功能重要，特别是在 FPG/A1c-DM 中。 FPG-DM 患者患糖尿病肾病和胰岛素抵抗的风险可能高于 A1c-DM 患者。

Lipocalin-2 (LCN2) level in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) subgroups has not been investigated. The aim of this study was to investigate LCN2 levels, insulin resistance, urinary albumin excretion, and inflammation status in T2DM subgroups.A total of 251 patients with newly diagnosed T2DM were evaluated. LCN2, glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), FPG, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) levels were measured. Patients with diabetes were categorized into three subgroups: patients diagnosed with fasting plasma glucose (FPG) alone (FPG-DM), those with isolated hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) diabetes (A1c-DM), and those who met the criteria for both FPG and HbA1c (FPG/A1c-DM). The albumin-to-creatinine ratio (ACR), estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), and adjusted LCN2 values, such as the LCN2/inflammation index (LCN2/Inf) and LCN2/creatinine (LCN2/ Cr), were calculated.The ACR, HOMA-IR, and glycosuria prevalence were significantly higher in FPG-DM than in A1c-DM. In contrast, no significant difference was observed in LCN2, eGFR, and proinflammatory cytokine levels between the two groups. Patients with FPG/A1c-DM had significantly higher LCN2, TNF-α, IL-6, and hsCRP levels than those with A1c-DM or FPG-DM. The percent difference between LCN2 and LCN2/Inf was 3.2-fold greater than that between LCN2 and LCN2/Cr in FPG/A1c-DM. The presence of FPG-DM led to a 1.8-fold increase in the prevalence of proteinuria (odds ratio, 1.876; 95% CI, 1.014 - 3.295; p < 0.001). The ability of FPG to identify proteinuria outperformed that of HbA1c (area under the curve: 0.629, 95% CI, 0.553 - 0.706 versus 0.522, 95% CI, 0.436 - 0.605, p < 0.001).LCN2 elevation may be more largely due to inflammation than kidney function, particularly in FPG/A1c-DM. Patients with FPG-DM may be at a greater risk of diabetic nephropathy and insulin resistance than those with A1c-DM.