暴露于爆炸超压是战斗相关伤害的普遍特征。探索职业突破者中重复低水平爆炸暴露的神经学相关性的研究表明，脑源性细胞外肿瘤坏死因子 α (TNFα) 和白细胞介素 6 (IL-6) 水平较高，而白细胞介素 10 (IL-10) 水平降低囊泡（BDEV）。目前的试点研究是与美国特种作战司令部 (USSOCOM) 合作发起的，旨在探索先前接触过爆炸的特种作战人员是否会出现神经炎症。对 18 名服役人员的数据进行了分析，其中包括 9 名曾多次接触爆炸的特种操作员，以及 9 名年龄和服役时间相匹配的对照人员。利用[^18F]DPA-714 的 PET 成像评估神经炎症。采集血清是为了评估全血清和 BDE 中的炎症生物标志物。进行爆炸暴露阈值调查 (BETS) 是为了确定爆炸历史。自我报告和神经认知测量均用于评估认知能力。相似性驱动的多视图线性重建（SiMLR）用于对获取的数据进行联合分析。 BDEV 分析表明与来自 BETS 的广义爆炸暴露值 (GBEV) 呈显着正相关。基于 SiMLR 的神经影像分析证明了特殊操作员中 GBEV、PET 神经炎症、皮质厚度和体积损失之间的暴露相关关系。受影响的大脑网络包括与记忆检索、执行功能以及视觉和异模处理相关的区域。对认知测量的事后评估未能证明与 GBEV 存在显着关联。这一新出现的证据表明，神经炎症可能是操作人员职业生涯中大脑对爆炸暴露反应的一个关键特征。在爆炸暴露人群中观察到的神经炎症的共同点需要进一步研究。

Exposure to blast overpressure has been a pervasive feature of combat-related injuries. Studies exploring the neurological correlates of repeated low-level blast exposure in career Breachers demonstrated higher levels of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα) and interleukin 6 (IL-6) and decreases in interleukin-10 (IL-10) within brain-derived extracellular vesicles (BDEVs). The current pilot study was initiated in partnership with US Special Operations Command (USSOCOM) to explore whether neuroinflammation is seen within special operators with prior blast exposure. Data was analyzed from 18 service members, inclusive of 9 blast-exposed special operators with an extensive career history of repeated blast exposures and 9 controls matched by age and duration of service. Neuroinflammation was assessed utilizing PET imaging with [^18F]DPA-714. Serum was acquired to assess inflammatory biomarkers within whole serum and BDEs. The Blast Exposure Threshold Survey (BETS) was acquired to determine blast history. Both self-report and neurocognitive measures were acquired to assess cognition. Similarity-driven Multi-view Linear Reconstruction (SiMLR) was used for joint analysis of acquired data. Analysis of BDEVs indicated significant positive associations with a generalized blast exposure value (GBEV) derived from the BETS. SiMLR-based analyses of neuroimaging demonstrated exposure-related relationships between GBEV, PET-neuroinflammation, cortical thickness and volume loss within special operators. Affected brain networks included regions associated with memory retrieval, executive functioning as well as visual and heteromodal processing. Post-hoc assessments of cognitive measures failed to demonstrate significant associations with GBEV. This emerging evidence suggests neuroinflammation may be a key feature of the brain response to blast exposure over a career in operational personnel. The common thread of neuroinflammation observed in blast-exposed populations requires further study.