植物纳米技术对合成用于生物医学目的的银纳米材料的潜在贡献正在吸引全世界越来越多的兴趣。通过植物绿色合成银纳米颗粒（Ag-NPs）最近得到了广泛的研究，现在被认为是未来开发和发展实用纳米工厂的一条绿色有效的途径。 Ag-NPs的制备是利用植物提取物/植物化合物（例如生物碱、萜类化合物、黄酮类化合物和酚类化合物）更经济、可行地合成纳米粒子的过程。多项研究结果表明，在医学领域，Ag-NP 在药物治疗（感染和癌症）中发挥着重要作用。事实上，它们表现出新颖的特性，但原因尚不清楚（除了一些理论解释，例如尺寸、形状和形态）。但最近的技术进步通过表征物理、化学和生物特性来预测独特的特性（成分和起源），有助于解决这些问题。由于出版物数量的增加及其在农业、工业和制药领域的应用，与毒性有关的问题是不可避免的和争论的问题。本综述旨在找出植物提取物在合成银纳米颗粒中的作用。它概述了各种植物化合物及其在生物医学领域（抗菌、抗氧化、抗癌、抗炎等）的作用。此外，本综述还特别关注了各种应用，例如在感染、氧化应激中的作用、在医学工程、诊断和治疗、医疗器械、骨科、伤口愈合和敷料中的应用。此外，还批判性地讨论了银纳米粒子在细胞培养物、不同模型生物组织中的毒性作用、毒性反应的类型以及为降低相关风险而实施的监管。针对上述所有解释，本综述重点关注植物介导的 Ag-NP 的详细特性、其对生物学、医学及其商业特性以及毒性的影响。版权所有 © 2023 Elsevier Inc. 保留所有权利。

The prospective contribution of phyto-nanotechnology to the synthesis of silver nanomaterials for biomedical purposes is attracting increasing interest across the world. Green synthesis of silver nanoparticles (Ag-NPs) through plants has been extensively examined recently, and it is now seen to be a green and efficient path for future exploitation and development of practical nano-factories. Fabrication of Ag-NPs is the process involves use of plant extracts/phyto-compounds (e.g.alkaloids, terpenoids, flavonoids, and phenolic compounds) to synthesise nanoparticles in more economical and feasible. Several findings concluded that in the field of medicine, Ag-NPs play a major role in pharmacotherapy (infection and cancer). Indeed, they exhibits novel properties but the reason is unclear (except some theoretical interpretation e.g. size, shape and morphology). But recent technological advancements help to address these questions by predicting the unique properties (composition and origin) by characterizing physical, chemical and biological properties. Due to increased list of publications and their application in the field of agriculture, industries and pharmaceuticals, issues relating to toxicity are unavoidable and question of debate. The present reviews aim to find out the role of plant extracts to synthesise Ag-NPs. It provides an overview of various phytocompounds and their role in the field of biomedicine (antibacterial, antioxidant, anticancer, anti-inflammatory etc.). In addition, this review also especially focused on various applications such as role in infection, oxidative stress, application in medical engineering, diagnosis and therapy, medical devices, orthopedics, wound healing and dressings. Additionally, the toxic effects of Ag-NPs in cell culture, tissue of different model organism, type of toxic reactions and regulation implemented to reduce associated risk are discussed critically. Addressing all above explanations, this review focus on the detailed properties of plant mediated Ag-NPs, its impact on biology, medicine and their commercial properties as well as toxicity.Copyright © 2023 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.