多形性胶质母细胞瘤 (GBM) 是一种高度侵袭性的肿瘤，对实现成功的治疗结果提出了重大挑战。包括手术、放疗和化疗在内的传统治疗方式已证明疗效有限，这主要归因于与药物递送到肿瘤部位和肿瘤异质性相关的复杂性。为了满足创新疗法的这一迫切需求，人们探索了利用肿瘤细胞和树突状细胞的癌症疫苗用于 GBM 治疗的潜力。本文对采用基于细胞的疫苗策略来管理 GBM 的治疗性疫苗进行了全面综述。对涉及 1500 多名参与者的 45 项临床试验的细致评估显示，基于细胞的疫苗接种表现出良好的安全性，且毒性最小。此外，这些疫苗已证明患者的总生存期和无进展生存期有一定的改善。然而，某些限制仍然存在。值得注意的是，需要在开发有效抗原以激发免疫反应以及优化剂量方案方面取得进展。因此，虽然基于细胞的疫苗有望成为 GBM 的潜在治疗方法，但仍需进一步研究以克服当前的局限性。最终目标是克服这些障碍，并将基于细胞的疫苗接种作为 GBM 的标准治疗方式。© 2023。作者获得 Springer Science Business Media, LLC（Springer Nature 旗下公司）的独家许可。

Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM), a highly aggressive tumor, poses significant challenges in achieving successful treatment outcomes. Conventional therapeutic modalities including surgery, radiation, and chemotherapy have demonstrated limited efficacy, primarily attributed to the complexities associated with drug delivery to the tumor site and tumor heterogeneity. To address this critical need for innovative therapies, the potential of cancer vaccines utilizing tumor cells and dendritic cells has been explored for GBM treatment. This article provides a comprehensive review of therapeutic vaccinations employing cell-based vaccine strategies for the management of GBM. A meticulous evaluation of 45 clinical trials involving more than 1500 participants revealed that cell-based vaccinations have exhibited favorable safety profiles with minimal toxicity. Moreover, these vaccines have demonstrated modest improvements in overall survival and progression-free survival among patients. However, certain limitations still persist. Notably, there is a need for advancements in the development of potent antigens to evoke immune responses, as well as the optimization of dosage regimens. Consequently, while cell-based vaccinations show promise as a potential therapeutic approach for GBM, further research is imperative to overcome the current limitations. The ultimate objective is to surmount these obstacles and establish cell-based vaccinations as a standard therapeutic modality for GBM.© 2023. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature.