PARP 是一种存在于真核细胞核中的酶，在修复受损 DNA 方面发挥着至关重要的作用。近年来，PARP抑制剂在癌症治疗中显示出巨大的潜力。因此，FDA 已批准多种小分子 PARP 抑制剂用于癌症维持治疗。 PARP 抑制剂和放射疗法的结合依赖于合成致死性，利用 DNA 修复途径的缺陷专门针对癌细胞。临床试验之前进行的研究表明，PARP抑制剂和放射治疗的结合可以增强癌细胞对放射线的敏感性，加剧DNA损伤，并引发细胞死亡。在临床试验中将放疗与 PARP 抑制剂相结合提高了不同癌症患者的缓解率和无进展生存期。本文详细阐述了PARP抑制剂联合放疗的理论基础，并总结了这些抑制剂用于肿瘤放疗的临床前和临床研究的最新进展。我们的研究认识到了当前领域的问题，并提出了肿瘤的潜在治疗应用。然而，在临床环境中实施 PARP 抑制剂和放射治疗时需要解决某些障碍。使用联合疗法时要考虑的因素是最合适的用药时间表和用药量、确定有利的候选药物以及与联合疗法相关的可能的副作用。放射治疗与PARP抑制剂联合使用可以大大增强癌症治疗的效果。版权所有©2023 Sun，Chu，Song，Liu，Chai，Wang和Liu。

PARP was an enzyme found in the nucleus of eukaryotic cells that played a crucial role in repairing damaged DNA. Recently, PARP inhibitors have demonstrated great potential in cancer treatment. Thus, the FDA has approved several small-molecule PARP inhibitors for cancer maintenance therapy. The combination of PARP inhibitors and radiotherapy relies on synthetic lethality, taking advantage of the flaws in DNA repair pathways to target cancer cells specifically. Studies conducted prior to clinical trials have suggested that the combination of PARP inhibitors and radiotherapy can enhance the sensitivity of cancer cells to radiation, intensify DNA damage, and trigger cell death. Combining radiotherapy with PARP inhibitors in clinical trials has enhanced the response rate and progression-free survival of diverse cancer patients. The theoretical foundation of PARP inhibitors combined with radiotherapy is explained in detail in this article, and the latest advances in preclinical and clinical research on these inhibitors for tumor radiotherapy are summarized. The problems in the current field are recognized in our research and potential therapeutic applications for tumors are suggested. Nevertheless, certain obstacles need to be tackled when implementing PARP inhibitors and radiotherapies in clinical settings. Factors to consider when using the combination therapy are the most suitable schedule and amount of medication, identifying advantageous candidates, and the probable adverse effects linked with the combination. The combination of radiotherapy and PARP inhibitors can greatly enhance the effectiveness of cancer treatment.Copyright © 2023 Sun, Chu, Song, Liu, Chai, Wang and Liu.