转座元件（TE）在基因组中含量丰富，是关键的调控元件。一些 TE 充当表观遗传调控启动子，这些 TE 衍生的转录起始位点 (TSS) 在调控与特定功能（例如癌症和胚胎发生）相关的基因方面发挥着至关重要的作用。然而，缺乏一个可系统地收集 TE 衍生的 TSS 数据的可访问数据库是当前的研究空白。为了解决这个问题，我们建立了 TE-TSS，这是人类和小鼠 TE 衍生的 TSS 的集成数据资源 (http:////xozhanglab.com//TETSS)。 TE-TSS 编译了 2681 个 RNA 测序数据集，涵盖各种组织、细胞系和发育阶段。从这些中，我们鉴定了 5768 个人类 TE 衍生的 TSS 和 2797 个小鼠 TE 衍生的 TSS，其中分别有 47% 和 38% 经过实验验证。 TE-TSS 能够全面探索 TSS 在不同样本中的使用情况，提供对组织特异性基因表达模式和转录调控元件的见解。此外，TE-TSS 比较了 15 个哺乳动物物种中 TE 衍生的 TSS 区域，增强了我们对其进化和功能方面的理解。 TE-TSS 的建立有助于进一步研究 TE 在塑造转录组景观中的作用，并为理解它们参与不同的生物过程提供宝贵的资源。© 作者 2023。由牛津大学出版社代表 Nucleic Acids 出版研究。

Transposable elements (TEs) are abundant in the genome and serve as crucial regulatory elements. Some TEs function as epigenetically regulated promoters, and these TE-derived transcription start sites (TSSs) play a crucial role in regulating genes associated with specific functions, such as cancer and embryogenesis. However, the lack of an accessible database that systematically gathers TE-derived TSS data is a current research gap. To address this, we established TE-TSS, an integrated data resource of human and mouse TE-derived TSSs (http:////xozhanglab.com//TETSS). TE-TSS has compiled 2681 RNA sequencing datasets, spanning various tissues, cell lines and developmental stages. From these, we identified 5768 human TE-derived TSSs and 2797 mouse TE-derived TSSs, with 47% and 38% being experimentally validated, respectively. TE-TSS enables comprehensive exploration of TSS usage in diverse samples, providing insights into tissue-specific gene expression patterns and transcriptional regulatory elements. Furthermore, TE-TSS compares TE-derived TSS regions across 15 mammalian species, enhancing our understanding of their evolutionary and functional aspects. The establishment of TE-TSS facilitates further investigations into the roles of TEs in shaping the transcriptomic landscape and offers valuable resources for comprehending their involvement in diverse biological processes.© The Author(s) 2023. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of Nucleic Acids Research.