褐藻糖胶（FU）是一种天然海洋多糖，是一种在肿瘤免疫治疗中具有巨大潜力的免疫调节剂。这项工作提出了一种绿色简便的方法来制备 QU@FU-TS，一种 FU 封装的纳米颗粒，其中含有抗癌植物化学物质槲皮素 (QU)，具有癌症化学免疫治疗的潜力。 QU@FU-TS是以绿色材料茶皂素（TS）为连接分子，通过分子自组装构建而成。分子动力学（MD）模拟表明QU与TS的疏水尾部结合。同时，FU自发地与TS的亲水头组装形成QU@FU-TS的外层。 QU和TS之间的分子相互作用主要是π堆积和氢键。 FU和TS之间的键合是通过硫酸酯基团和羟基之间形成多个氢键来维持的。 QU@FU-TS 对 A549 细胞增殖的抑制作用比游离 QU 更有效。 QU@FU-TS 的抗肿瘤活性是通过多种机制介导的，包括诱导氧化应激、阻断细胞周期进程和促进细胞凋亡。此外，QU@FU-TS 已被证明可以阻碍体内癌细胞的增殖和迁移。在 QU@FU-TS 处理下，巨噬细胞表面标志物的表达水平增加，表明 QU@FU-TS 通过促进巨噬细胞活化作为免疫治疗剂的潜力。版权所有 © 2023。由 Elsevier B.V. 出版。

Fucoidan (FU), a natural marine polysaccharide, is an immunomodulator with great potential in tumor immunotherapy. This work presented a green and facile method for preparing QU@FU-TS, a FU encapsulated nanoparticle, which contained the anticancer phytochemical quercetin (QU) and had the potential for cancer chemo-immunotherapy. QU@FU-TS were constructed by molecular self-assembly using green material tea saponin (TS) as the linking molecule. Molecular dynamics (MD) simulation showed that QU was bound to the hydrophobic tail of TS. At the same time, FU spontaneously assembled with the hydrophilic head of TS to form the outer layer of the QU@FU-TS. The molecular interactions between QU and TS were mainly π-stacking and hydrogen bonds. The bonding between FU and TS was maintained by the formation of multiple hydrogen bonds between the sulfate ester group and the hydroxy group. Inhibition of A549 cell proliferation by QU@FU-TS was more potent than that by free QU. The antitumor activity of QU@FU-TS was mediated through various mechanisms, including the induction of oxidative stress, blocking cell cycle progression, and promoting cell apoptosis. Moreover, QU@FU-TS has been demonstrated to impede the proliferation and migration of cancer cells in vivo. The expression levels of macrophage surface markers increased under the treatment of QU@FU-TS, suggesting the potential of QU@FU-TS to serve as an immunotherapeutic agent by promoting macrophage activation.Copyright © 2023. Published by Elsevier B.V.