卵巢癌（OC）是全球女性最常见的妇科致命死因，死亡率高且发病率不断上升。尽管治疗取得了进步，但由于诊断晚期、缺乏有效的诊断方法和复发，大多数 OC 患者仍然死于疾病。适体是一种合成的短单链寡核苷酸，已成为有前途的抗癌疗法。它们选择性结合靶分子（包括癌症相关蛋白和受体）的能力彻底改变了药物发现和生物标志物识别。适体为癌症发生和进展中涉及的分子途径提供了独特的见解。此外，它们作为药物输送系统显示出巨大的潜力，能够将治疗药物靶向输送至癌细胞，同时最大限度地减少脱靶效应并降低全身毒性。在 OC 背景下，适配体与非编码 RNA (ncRNA) 的整合为精确、高效的基因靶向提供了机会。此外，适配体与纳米粒子的结合可以将 ncRNA 准确且有针对性地递送至特定细胞、组织或器官。在这篇综述中，我们将总结单独使用适体或适体-ncRNA缀合物、纳米颗粒和基于多价适体的疗法治疗 OC 的潜在用途和挑战。

Ovarian cancer (OC) is the most common lethal gynecologic cause of death in women worldwide, with a high mortality rate and increasing incidence. Despite advancements in the treatment, most OC patients still die from their disease due to late-stage diagnosis, the lack of effective diagnostic methods, and relapses. Aptamers, synthetic, short single-stranded oligonucleotides, have emerged as promising anticancer therapeutics. Their ability to selectively bind to target molecules, including cancer-related proteins and receptors, has revolutionized drug discovery and biomarker identification. Aptamers offer unique insights into the molecular pathways involved in cancer development and progression. Moreover, they show immense potential as drug delivery systems, enabling targeted delivery of therapeutic agents to cancer cells while minimizing off-target effects and reducing systemic toxicity. In the context of OC, the integration of aptamers with non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) presents an opportunity for precise and efficient gene targeting. Additionally, the conjugation of aptamers with nanoparticles allows for accurate and targeted delivery of ncRNAs to specific cells, tissues, or organs. In this review, we will summarize the potential use and challenges associated with the use of aptamers alone or aptamer-ncRNA conjugates, nanoparticles, and multivalent aptamer-based therapeutics for the treatment of OC.