β-石竹烯对多种癌症具有潜在的抗癌特性，包括乳腺癌、结肠癌和肺癌。因此，富含β-石竹烯的Ayapana triplinervis精油可以成为治疗癌症的潜在草药。然而，对 A. triplinervis 的分子和基因组研究仍然很少。在本研究中，我们从 A. triplinervis 叶 RNA 中获得了 14.7 Gb 的 RNA-Seq 数据，并组装了 1,37,554 个转录本，N50 值为 1,437 bp。我们注释了 72,436 个（52.7%）转录本，并将 10,640 个转录本映射到 156 个生化途径。其中，218个与萜类主链生物合成相关，27个与倍半萜和三萜类途径相关。 94 个转录本在 β-石竹烯和羽扇豆醇途径中进行了注释。从这些转录本中，我们首次鉴定了 25 个全长基因，编码参与 β-石竹烯生物合成的所有 17 种酶，以及另外 5 个参与羽扇豆醇生物合成的基因。这些基因将有助于 β-石竹烯和羽扇豆醇生物合成的代谢工程，不仅在 A. triplinervis 中，而且在其他物种中也是如此。关键词：β-石竹烯、Eupatorium ayapana、Eupatorium triplinervis、羽扇豆醇、转录组。

β-Caryophyllene possesses potential anticancer properties against various cancers, including breast, colon, and lung cancer. Therefore, the essential oil of Ayapana triplinervis, which is rich in β-caryophyllene, can be a potential herbal remedy for treating cancer. However, molecular and genomic studies on A. triplinervis are still sparse. In this study, we obtained 14.7 Gb of RNA-Seq data from A. triplinervis leaf RNA and assembled 1,37,554 transcripts with an N50 value of 1,437 bp. We annotated 72,436 (52.7%) transcripts and mapped 10,640 transcripts to 156 biochemical pathways. Among them, 218 were related to terpenoid backbone biosynthesis, while 27 were linked to sesquiterpenoid and triterpenoid pathways. Ninety-four transcripts were annotated in the β-caryophyllene and lupeol pathways. From these transcripts, for the first time, we identified 25 full-length genes encoding all the 17 enzymes involved in β-caryophyllene biosynthesis and an additional five genes involved in lupeol biosynthesis. These genes will be useful for the metabolic engineering of β-caryophyllene and lupeol biosynthesis, not just in A. triplinervis but also in other species. Keywords: β-caryophyllene, Eupatorium ayapana, Eupatorium triplinervis, lupeol, transcriptome.