甲状腺癌颅内转移很少见。尽管甲状腺癌患者的预后总体良好，但甲状腺癌颅内转移患者的预后被认为不利，因为与无颅内受累的患者相比，此类患者的生存率较低。有关其管理的许多问题仍不清楚。本研究的目的是分析甲状腺癌脑转移患者的特征、治疗方式和结果。我们的机构数据库记录了 30 年来的 4320 名甲状腺癌患者，其中 20 名脑转移患者的数据进行了回顾性收集和分析。分析原发性甲状腺癌和转移性脑肿瘤的临床特征、组织学类型、既往是否有远处转移、治疗方式、影像学表现部位和特征、原发性甲状腺癌首次诊断到脑转移的时间间隔以及生存情况。在我们的患者队列中，初次诊断时的平均年龄为 59.3 ± 14.1 岁，出现脑转移诊断时的平均年龄为 64.8 ± 14.9 岁。原发性甲状腺癌的组织学类型为乳头状癌10例，滤泡状癌7例，低分化癌3例。甲状腺癌诊断与脑转移之间的平均间隔为63.4±58.4个月（范围：0-180个月）。 10 名患者被确定为单个颅内病变，10 名患者被发现有多个颅内病变。 15例患者主要进行手术切除，其余5例患者应用全脑放疗、放疗或酪氨酸激酶抑制剂。诊断出 TC 的 BM 后，总体中位生存时间为 15 个月（范围：1-252 个月）。甲状腺癌患者甚至在原发肿瘤诊断多年后也可能发生脑转移。我们的研究结果表明，诊断脑转移时年龄小于 60 岁的患者的总体生存率有所提高。乳头状癌脑转移患者和滤泡性甲状腺癌脑转移患者的生存率没有差异。

Intracranial metastases from thyroid cancer are rare. Although the prognosis of thyroid cancer patients is generally favorable, the prognosis of patients with intracranial metastases from thyroid cancer has been considered unfavorable owing to lower survival rates among such patients compared to those without intracranial involvement. Many questions about their management remain unclear. The aim of the present study was to analyze the characteristics, treatment modalities, and outcomes of patients with brain metastases from thyroid cancer. Among 4320 patients with thyroid cancer recorded in our institutional database over a 30-year period, the data of 20 patients with brain metastasis were retrospectively collected and analyzed. The clinical characteristics, histological type of primary cancer and metastatic brain tumor, additional previous distant metastasis, treatment modalities, locations and characteristics on radiologic findings, time interval between the first diagnosis of primary thyroid cancer and brain metastasis, and survival were analyzed. Among our patient cohort, the mean age at initial diagnosis was 59.3 ± 14.1 years, and at the manifestation of diagnosis of cerebral metastasis, the mean age was found to be 64.8 ± 14.9 years. The histological types of primary thyroid cancer were identified as papillary in ten patients, follicular in seven, and poorly differentiated carcinoma in three. The average interval between the diagnosis of thyroid cancer and brain metastasis was 63.4 ± 58.4 months (range: 0-180 months). Ten patients were identified as having a single intracranial lesion, and ten patients were found to have multiple lesions. Surgical resection was primarily performed in fifteen patients, and whole-brain radiotherapy, radiotherapy, or tyrosine kinase inhibitors were applied in the remaining five patients. The overall median survival time was 15 months after the diagnosis of BMs from TC (range: 1-252 months). Patients with thyroid cancer can develop brain metastasis even many years after the diagnosis of the primary tumor. The results of our study demonstrate increased overall survival in patients younger than 60 years of age at the time of diagnosis of brain metastasis. There was no difference in survival between patients with brain metastasis from papillary carcinoma and those with follicular thyroid carcinoma.