头颈癌 (HNC) 通常与神经退行性疾病相关。然而，HNC 与帕金森病 (PD) 之间的关联仍不清楚。本研究旨在阐明 HNC 与随后的 PD 之间的关系。这项回顾性研究使用了具有全国代表性的队列的数据。根据相应诊断代码的存在来识别 HNC 患者。根据社会人口学因素和入学年份，使用 4:1 倾向评分匹配来选择未患有癌症的参与者；该研究包括 2296 名没有 HNC 的个体和 574 名患有 HNC 的个体。使用 95% 置信区间 (CI) 计算 HNC 患者 PD 发生率的风险比 (HR)。 HNC 组和对照组的 PD 发生率分别为每 1000 人年 4.17 例和 2.18 例（调整后 HR = 1.89，95% CI = 1.08-3.33）。 HNC 组还表现出随后发生 PD 的风险增加。患有 HNC 和口腔癌的中年（55-69 岁）患者患 PD 的风险较高。我们的研究结果表明，患有 HNC 的中年患者，尤其是口腔癌患者，PD 的发病率较高。因此，我们的研究结果为 HNC 患者 PD 的发展提供了新的见解。

Head and neck cancers (HNC) are frequently associated with neurodegeneration. However, the association between HNC and Parkinson's disease (PD) remains unclear. This study aimed to clarify the relationship between HNC and subsequent PD. This retrospective study used data from a nationally representative cohort. Patients with HNC were identified based on the presence of corresponding diagnostic codes. Participants without cancer were selected using 4:1 propensity score matching based on sociodemographic factors and year of enrollment; 2296 individuals without HNC and 574 individuals with HNC were included in the study. Hazard ratios (HR) for the incidence of PD in patients with HNC were calculated using 95% confidence intervals (CI). The incidence of PD was 4.17 and 2.18 per 1000 person-years in the HNC and control groups, respectively (adjusted HR = 1.89, 95% CI = 1.08-3.33). The HNC group also showed an increased risk of subsequent PD development. The risk of PD was higher in middle-aged (55-69 years) patients with HNC and oral cavity cancer. Our findings suggest that middle-aged patients with HNC have an increased incidence of PD, specifically those with oral cavity cancer. Therefore, our findings provide new insights into the development of PD in patients with HNC.