细针抽吸细胞学 (FNAC) 是术前评估甲状腺结节的可靠方法，特别是在超声引导下 (USG-FNAC)。本研究的主要目的是评估USG-FNAC的疗效及其准确性。我们回顾性研究了2015-2022年期间212例甲状腺切除术的术前超声检查和FNAC数据，使用TI-RADS进行最终超声诊断和Bethesda系统进行细胞学检查诊断。研究病例为200 名女性和12 名男性。甲状腺癌在20岁以下的人群中更为常见（78.5%）。甲状腺乳头状癌占所有癌症病例的 84%。有利于恶性肿瘤的显着超声特征（p值<0.05）是低回声（66%）、混合回声（84%）、不规则边界（61%）、微钙化（68%）和边缘晕（63.6%）。 21% 的 TI-RADS-2、65% 的 TI-RADS-4 和 100% 的 TI-RADS-5 发现恶性肿瘤。 Bethesda系统的不同类别之间存在显着差异。 Cat-VI 中的所有病例均为恶性（100%）。 81% 的 Cat-V、20% 的 Cat-IV、33% 的 Cat-III、16% 的 Cat-II 和 43% 的 Cat-I 也发现恶性肿瘤。符合恶性肿瘤的细胞学特征如下：凹槽（94%）、核不规则（89%）、核假包涵体（89%）和少量胶体（82%）。在我们的研究中，USG-FNAC 的敏感性为 83%，特异性为 85%，PPV 85%，NPV 83%，准确性为 84%。甲状腺结节有利于恶性的超声特征为低回声或复杂回声、边界不规则、点状钙化和存在的边缘光环。有利于恶性肿瘤的细胞学特征包括凹槽、核不规则性、核假包涵体以及胶体很少或不存在。© 2024 John Wiley

Fine-needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) is a reliable method for preoperative evaluation of thyroid nodules particularly if ultrasound-guided (USG-FNAC). The main purpose of this study is to evaluate the efficacy of USG-FNAC and its accuracy.We retrospectively studied 212 thyroidectomy cases with preoperative ultrasonography and FNAC data during the period 2015-2022 using TI-RADS for final ultrasound diagnosis and Bethesda system for cytological diagnosis.The studied cases were 200 females and 12 males. Thyroid cancer was more prevalent under 20 years old (78.5%). Papillary thyroid carcinoma comprises 84% of all cancer cases. Significant ultrasound features (p-value <0.05) favour malignancy were hypoechogenicity (66%), mixed echogenicity (84%), irregular border (61%), microcalcification (68%) and rim halo (63.6%). Malignancy was found in 21% of TI-RADS-2, 65% of TI-RADS-4 and 100% of TI-RADS-5. There is a significant difference between different categories of Bethesda system. All cases in Cat-VI were malignant (100%). Malignancy was also found in 81% of Cat-V, 20% of Cat-IV, 33% of Cat-III, 16% of Cat-II and 43% of Cat-I. Cytological features consistent with malignancy were as follows: grooving (94%), nuclear irregularities (89%), nuclear pseudoinclusion (89%) and little colloid (82%). In our study, USG-FNAC sensitivity was 83%, specificity 85%, PPV 85%, NPV 83% and accuracy 84%.Ultrasound features in favour of malignancy in thyroid nodules are hypoechoic or complex echogenicity, irregular border, punctuate calcification and presence of rim halo. Cytological features in favour of malignancy are grooving, nuclear irregularities, nuclear pseudoinclusion and little or absent colloid.© 2024 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.