荟萃分析主要关注基于运动的预康复对术后结果的影响，而忽略了营养干预的作用。在本研究中，我们通过调查基于营养的预康复对接受食管切除术和胃切除术的患者术后结果的影响来填补这一空白。五个电子数据库，即 PubMed、Web of Science、Embase、Cochrane Library 和 CINAHL，被搜查。被诊断患有食管胃癌、计划接受手术并接受过单模式或多模式康复治疗并至少接受一周强制性营养干预的成年人也被纳入其中。森林图用于提取和可视化所纳入研究的数据。任何术后并发症的发生被认为是主要终点。八项研究符合资格标准，其中五项随机对照试验（RCT）和三项队列研究。总共包括 661 名患者。任何预康复，即单模式（仅营养）和多模式预康复，均可将任何术后并发症的风险降低 23%（95% 置信区间 [CI] = 0.66-0.90）。仅在多模式预康复中观察到类似的效果（风险比 [RR] = 0.78，95% CI = 0.66-0.93）；然而，这对于单模式预康复来说并不重要。任何预康复均显着缩短住院时间（LOS）（加权平均差 = -0.77，95% CI = -1.46至-0.09）。基于营养的预康复，特别是多模式预康复，对食管癌和胃切除术后并发症具有保护作用。我们的研究结果表明，预康复会略微降低 LOS；然而，这一发现没有临床意义。因此，有必要进行额外严格的随机对照试验来进一步证实。© 2024 作者。约翰·威利出版的癌症医学

Meta-analyses have primarily focused on the effects of exercise-based prehabilitation on postoperative outcomes and ignored the role of nutritional intervention. In this study, we filled this gap by investigating the effect of nutrition-based prehabilitation on the postoperative outcomes of patients who underwent esophagectomy and gastrectomy.Five electronic databases, namely, PubMed, the Web of Science, Embase, Cochrane Library, and CINAHL, were searched. Adults diagnosed with esophagogastric cancer who were scheduled to undergo surgery and had undergone uni- or multimodal prehabilitation, with at least a week of mandatory nutritional intervention, were included. Forest plots were used to extract and visualize the data from the included studies. The occurrence of any postoperative complication was considered the primary endpoint.Eight studies met the eligibility criteria, with five randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and three cohort studies. In total, 661 patients were included. Any prehabilitation, that is, unimodal (only nutrition) and multimodal prehabilitation, collectively decreased the risk of any postoperative complication by 23% (95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.66-0.90). A similar effect was exclusively observed for multimodal prehabilitation (risk ratio [RR] = 0.78, 95% CI = 0.66-0.93); however, it was not significant for unimodal prehabilitation. Any prehabilitation significantly decreased the length of hospital stay (LOS) (weighted mean difference = -0.77, 95% CI = -1.46 to -0.09).Nutrition-based prehabilitation, particularly multimodal prehabilitation, confers protective effects against postoperative complications after esophagectomy and gastrectomy. Our findings suggest that prehabilitation slightly decreases LOS; however, the finding is not clinically significant. Therefore, additional rigorous RCTs are warranted for further substantiation.© 2024 The Author(s). Cancer Medicine published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.