性格和行为症状的变化是诊断痴呆症的核心临床标准。本研究探讨了护理人员评定的人格特质与神经精神症状的多种测量之间的关联。痴呆症 (N = 191) 或癌症 (N = 137) 患者的护理人员使用大五量表 2 提供了病前和并发的人格特质评级。护理人员还完成了轻度行为障碍检查表、神经精神问卷调查问卷和修订后的记忆和行为问题检查表。在合并样本中，高并发神经质与情绪失调相关（r = 0.51），低宜人性与冲动失调相关（r=-0.40） ），责任心低，积极性下降（r=-0.42）。神经精神症状量表之间的关联相似，癌症和痴呆之间的关联也相似，但与同时发生的人格评级相比，患病前的人格评级更强，并且对于轻度痴呆个体比中重度痴呆个体更强。人格与神经精神症状相关，包括与轻度行为的测量相关损害。同时评估时，人格具有更强的关联性，表明人格特质与神经精神症状共同发展。癌症和痴呆症之间的关联相似，表明跨诊断过程不仅限于痴呆症。神经精神症状部分是人格的表现；考虑人格特征有助于诊断和疾病监测、定制干预措施以及促进以人为本的护理。

Changes in personality and behavioral symptoms are a core clinical criterion for the diagnosis of dementia. This study examines the association between caregiver-rated personality traits and multiple measures of neuropsychiatric symptoms.Caregivers of individuals with dementia (N = 191) or cancer (N = 137) provided premorbid and concurrent personality trait ratings using the Big Five Inventory-2. Caregivers also completed the Mild Behavioral Impairment Checklist, Neuropsychiatric Inventory Questionnaire, and Revised Memory and Behavior Problems Checklist.In the combined sample, high concurrent neuroticism was associated with emotional dysregulation (r = 0.51), low agreeableness with impulse dyscontrol (r=-0.40), and low conscientiousness with decreased motivation (r=-0.42). Associations were similar across neuropsychiatric symptom scales, similar across cancer and dementia, but stronger with concurrent than premorbid personality ratings, and stronger for the individuals with mild than moderate-severe dementia.Personality was associated with neuropsychiatric symptoms, including with the measure for mild behavioral impairment. Personality had stronger associations when concurrently assessed, indicating that personality traits co-develop with neuropsychiatric symptoms. The associations were similar across cancer and dementia, suggesting transdiagnostic processes not limited to dementia. Neuropsychiatric symptoms are partly an expression of personality; accounting for personality traits could help with diagnosis and disease monitoring, tailoring interventions, and fostering person-centered care.