对细菌链霉菌进行生物测定引导的化学研究。 CMB-MRB032 是从澳大利亚维多利亚州巴瑟斯特附近收集的绵羊粪便中分离出来的，产生了已知的聚酮化合物抗霉素 A4a (1) 和 A2a (2)，它们是恶丝虫（心丝虫）微丝蚴 (mf) 运动性的有效抑制剂（EC50 0.0013-0.0021 µg） /mL)，以及八肽 surugamide A (3) 和新的 N-甲基化类似物 surugamide K (4)。生物数据表明，surugamides 也可能表现出对抗 D. immitis 的活性，对来自不同地理的澳大利亚生态系统的微生物库进行 GNPS 分子网络分析，确定了另外 5 个在分类学和化学上不同的 surugamides 生产者。此类生产者链霉菌 (Streptomyces sp.) 的规模化培养。从澳大利亚昆士兰州肖恩克利夫收集的海洋沉积物中分离出 CMB-M0112，产生 3 以及新的酰基-surgamides A1-A4 (5-8)。固相肽合成提供了额外的合成类似物，surugamides S1-S3 (9-11)，而 3 的衍生化则返回半合成的 surugamide S4 (12) 和酰基-surugamides AS1-AS3 (13-15)。天然酰基-surugamide A3 (7) 和半合成酰基-surugamide AS3 (15) 可选择性抑制 D. immitis mf 运动 (EC50 3.3-3.4 µg/mL)，但与抗霉素 1 和 2 不同，它们没有活性针对胃肠道线虫捻转血矛线虫 L1-L3 幼虫 (EC50 > 25 µg/mL)，并且对哺乳动物细胞没有细胞毒性（人结直肠癌 SW620，IC50 > 30 µg/mL）。对 surugamides 3-15 的构效关系 (SAR) 研究表明，Lys3-ε-NH2 的选择性酰化与驱虫活性相关。

A bioassay-guided chemical investigation of a bacterium, Streptomyces sp. CMB-MRB032, isolated from sheep feces collected near Bathurst, Victoria, Australia, yielded the known polyketide antimycins A4a (1) and A2a (2) as potent inhibitors of Dirofilaria immitis (heartworm) microfilaria (mf) motility (EC50 0.0013-0.0021 µg/mL), along with the octapeptide surugamide A (3) and the new N-methylated analog surugamide K (4). With biological data suggesting surugamides may also exhibit activity against D. immitis, a GNPS molecular network analysis of a library of microbes sourced from geographically diverse Australian ecosystems identified a further five taxonomically and chemically distinct surugamide producers. Scaled-up cultivation of one such producer, Streptomyces sp. CMB-M0112 isolated from a marine sediment collected at Shorncliff, Qld, Australia, yielded 3 along with the new acyl-surugamides A1-A4 (5-8). Solid-phase peptide synthesis provided additional synthetic analogs, surugamides S1-S3 (9-11), while derivatization of 3 returned the semi-synthetic surugamide S4 (12) and acyl-surugamides AS1-AS3 (13-15). The natural acyl-surugamide A3 (7) and semi-synthetic acyl-surugamide AS3 (15) were shown to selectively inhibit D. immitis mf motility (EC50 3.3-3.4 µg/mL), however, unlike antimycins 1 and 2, were inactive against the gastrointestinal nematode Haemonchus contortus L1-L3 larvae (EC50 > 25 µg/mL) and were not cytotoxic to mammalian cells (human colorectal carcinoma SW620, IC50 > 30 µg/mL). A structure-activity relationship (SAR) study on the surugamides 3-15 revealed that selective acylation of the Lys3-ε-NH2 correlates with anthelmintic activity.