寻找具有抗肿瘤活性的天然产物是癌症研究的一个重要方面。来自褐海藻的海藻多糖已显示出良好的抗肿瘤活性；然而，它们的结构、组成和生物活性差异很大，取决于许多因素。在这项研究中，从三种大型棕色海藻（马尾藻、Scytosiphon lomentaria 和 Undaria pinnatifida）中提取并纯化了 16 种多糖组分。化学成分分析表明，多糖组分的分子量范围为8.889至729.67 kDa，硫酸盐含量范围为0.50%至10.77%。此外，它们表现出不同的单糖组成和二级结构。随后，将它们与五种肿瘤细胞系（A549、B16、HeLa、HepG2 和 SH-SY5Y）的抗肿瘤活性进行了比较。结果表明，不同的组分对肿瘤细胞表现出不同的抗肿瘤特性。流式细胞术和细胞质荧光染色（Hoechst/AO染色）进一步证实这些有效组分显着诱导肿瘤细胞凋亡，且无细胞毒性。 qRT-RCR 结果表明，多糖组分上调 Caspase-3、Caspase-8、Caspase-9 和 Bax 的表达，同时下调 Bcl-2 和 CDK-2 的表达。这项研究全面比较了来自大型褐藻多糖组分的抗肿瘤活性，为褐藻多糖作为抗肿瘤剂的有效组合提供了有价值的见解。

Searching for natural products with anti-tumor activity is an important aspect of cancer research. Seaweed polysaccharides from brown seaweed have shown promising anti-tumor activity; however, their structure, composition, and biological activity vary considerably, depending on many factors. In this study, 16 polysaccharide fractions were extracted and purified from three large brown seaweed species (Sargassum horneri, Scytosiphon lomentaria, and Undaria pinnatifida). The chemical composition analysis revealed that the polysaccharide fractions have varying molecular weights ranging from 8.889 to 729.67 kDa, and sulfate contents ranging from 0.50% to 10.77%. Additionally, they exhibit different monosaccharide compositions and secondary structures. Subsequently, their anti-tumor activity was compared against five tumor cell lines (A549, B16, HeLa, HepG2, and SH-SY5Y). The results showed that different fractions exhibited distinct anti-tumor properties against tumor cells. Flow cytometry and cytoplasmic fluorescence staining (Hoechst/AO staining) further confirmed that these effective fractions significantly induce tumor cell apoptosis without cytotoxicity. qRT-RCR results demonstrated that the polysaccharide fractions up-regulated the expression of Caspase-3, Caspase-8, Caspase-9, and Bax while down-regulating the expression of Bcl-2 and CDK-2. This study comprehensively compared the anti-tumor activity of polysaccharide fractions from large brown seaweed, providing valuable insights into the potent combinations of brown seaweed polysaccharides as anti-tumor agents.