肥大细胞（MC）是广泛分布于人体组织中的骨髓来源的造血细胞。当被激活时，它们会释放类胰蛋白酶、组胺和其他介质，这些介质在多种疾病/紊乱中发挥重要作用，包括过敏、炎症、心血管疾病、自身免疫性疾病、癌症甚至死亡。 MCs的多重病理作用使其稳定剂成为治疗相关疾病的研究热点。迄今为止，临床上可用的 MC 稳定剂有限。考虑到MC相关疾病的发病率迅速上升且广泛流行，临床医生或研究人员需要综合参考来识别和选择有效的MC稳定剂。本文分析了MC的激活机制，总结了迄今为止MC稳定剂的开发进展。 MC稳定剂在这里按作用机制分类，包括作用于细胞表面受体、干扰信号转导途径和干扰胞吐系统。特别强调了MC稳定剂的临床应用和未来发展方向。版权所有©2024 Cao和Gao。

Mast cells (MCs) are bone-marrow-derived haematopoietic cells that are widely distributed in human tissues. When activated, they will release tryptase, histamine and other mediators that play major roles in a diverse array of diseases/disorders, including allergies, inflammation, cardiovascular diseases, autoimmune diseases, cancers and even death. The multiple pathological effects of MCs have made their stabilizers a research hotspot for the treatment of related diseases. To date, the clinically available MC stabilizers are limited. Considering the rapidly increasing incidence rate and widespread prevalence of MC-related diseases, a comprehensive reference is needed for the clinicians or researchers to identify and choose efficacious MC stabilizers. This review analyzes the mechanism of MC activation, and summarizes the progress made so far in the development of MC stabilizers. MC stabilizers are classified by the action mechanism here, including acting on cell surface receptors, disturbing signal transduction pathways and interfering exocytosis systems. Particular emphasis is placed on the clinical applications and the future development direction of MC stabilizers.Copyright © 2024 Cao and Gao.