非小细胞肺癌 (NSCLC) 的围手术期治疗应控制局部和微观全身疾病，因为除 IA 期患者外，仅接受手术切除的 NSCLC 患者的生存率很低。改善手术结果的一种方法是在手术之前或之后进行化疗。在过去的二十年中，许多临床研究都集中在开发可与手术治疗和/或放疗相结合的最佳辅助或新辅助顺铂化疗方案。根据这些临床研究的结果，多学科治疗被认为是局部晚期 NSCLC 患者的合适治疗方法。当术后发现淋巴结受累时，基于顺铂的辅助化疗可带来总体生存获益。最近，许多大规模临床试验表明，在基于顺铂的化疗的基础上使用免疫疗法的新辅助和/或辅助治疗可提高局部晚期 NSCLC 患者的生存率。尽管如此，最佳治疗策略仍在不断发展。© 作者 2024。由牛津大学出版社出版。版权所有。如需权限，请发送电子邮件至：journals.permissions@oup.com。

The perioperative treatments for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) should control both local and microscopic systemic disease, because the survival of patients with NSCLC who underwent surgical resection alone has been dismal except in stage IA patients. One way to improve surgical outcome is the administration of chemotherapy before or after the surgical procedure. During the last two decades, many clinical studies have focused on developing optimal adjuvant or neoadjuvant cisplatin-based chemotherapy regimens that can be combined with surgical treatment and/or radiotherapy. Based on the results of those clinical studies, multimodality therapy has been considered to be an appropriate treatment approach for locally advanced NSCLC patients. When nodal involvement is discovered postoperatively, adjuvant cisplatin-based chemotherapy has conferred an overall survival benefit. More recently, neoadjuvant and/or adjuvant use of immunotherapy adding to the cisplatin-based chemotherapy has been revealed to improve survival of the patients with locally advanced NSCLC in many large-scale clinical trials; although, optimal treatment strategies are still evolving.© The Author(s) 2024. Published by Oxford University Press. All rights reserved. For permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oup.com.