可测量残留病灶 (MRD) 检测用于许多血液学癌症，以估计复发风险并指导治疗。有时 MRD 测试结果用于监管部门的批准。然而，包括监管机构在内的一些人错误地认为 MRD 检测结果高度准确，并且在指导治疗方面已被证实有效。我们回顾了 MRD 检测技术，并评估了 MRD 检测预测复发的准确性以及支持 MRD 指导治疗功效的证据强度。我们表明，在个体水平上，MRD 检测结果通常是不准确的复发预测因子。此外，没有令人信服的数据表明基于阳性 MRD 测试增加治疗强度可以降低复发风险或提高生存率。我们警告不要仅根据 MRD 检测结果调整治疗强度。版权所有 © 2024 作者。由爱思唯尔有限公司出版。保留所有权利。

Measurable residual disease (MRD)-testing is used in many haematological cancers to estimate relapse risk and to direct therapy. Sometimes MRD-test results are used for regulatory approval. However, some people including regulators wrongfully believe results of MRD-testing are highly accurate and of proven efficacy in directing therapy. We review MRD-testing technologies and evaluate the accuracy of MRD-testing for predicting relapse and the strength of evidence supporting efficacy of MRD-guided therapy. We show that at the individual level MRD-test results are often an inaccurate relapse predictor. Also, no convincing data indicate that increasing therapy-intensity based on a positive MRD-test reduces relapse risk or improves survival. We caution against adjusting therapy-intensity based solely on results of MRD-testing.Copyright © 2024 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.. All rights reserved.