寿命，即有机体寿命的长度，受到环境因素、代谢过程和遗传决定因素的影响。碱基切除修复（BER）途径通过修复氧化修饰的碱基损伤来维持基因组完整性至关重要。 Nei 样 DNA 糖基化酶 1 (NEIL1) 是 BER 途径的一部分，对于修复富含 G 的 DNA 区域（例如端粒和启动子）中的氧化碱基至关重要。因此，在这次全面审查中，它对 NEIL1 与长寿之间错综复杂的关联进行了细致的调查。该分析深入研究了 NEIL1 基因、其各种 RNA 转录本以及多种蛋白质亚型的多方面。此外，还结合生物信息学分析来鉴定NEIL1突变、转录因子和表观遗传修饰，及其lncRNA/假基因/circRNA-miRNA-mRNA调控网络。研究结果表明，NEIL1 的正常功能是人类健康和长寿的重要因素，NEIL1 的缺陷可能导致各种癌症和相关综合征、阿尔茨海默病、肥胖和糖尿病。© 2024 Wiley‐VCH GmbH。

Longevity, the length of an organism's lifespan, is impacted by environmental factors, metabolic processes, and genetic determinants. The base excision repair (BER) pathway is crucial for maintaining genomic integrity by repairing oxidatively modified base lesions. Nei-like DNA Glycosylase 1 (NEIL1), part of the BER pathway, is vital in repairing oxidative bases in G-rich DNA regions, such as telomeres and promoters. Hence, in this comprehensive review, it have undertaken a meticulous investigation of the intricate association between NEIL1 and longevity. The analysis delves into the multifaceted aspects of the NEIL1 gene, its various RNA transcripts, and the diverse protein isoforms. In addition, a combination of bioinformatic analysis is conducted to identify NEIL1 mutations, transcription factors, and epigenetic modifications, as well as its lncRNA/pseudogene/circRNA-miRNA-mRNA regulatory network. The findings suggest that the normal function of NEIL1 is a significant factor in human health and longevity, with defects in NEIL1 potentially leading to various cancers and related syndromes, Alzheimer's disease, obesity, and diabetes.© 2024 Wiley‐VCH GmbH.