本研究旨在报告接受免疫检查点抑制剂（ICI）治疗的阴道黑色素瘤（VaM）或外阴黑色素瘤（VuM）患者的临床结果，并讨论免疫相关不良事件（irAE）的发展。这是一个回顾性病例2011 年 7 月至 2022 年 9 月期间在弗吉尼亚大学 Emily Couric 临床癌症中心诊断出的一系列 VaM 或 VuM 患者。提取了患者人口统计数据、疾病特征、治疗结果和不良事件。主要结局是 irAE 的发生率。本研究纳入 8 名患者，其中 4 名患有 VaM，4 名患有 VuM。大多数 (n = 6) 首次就诊时患有局部或区域疾病，25% (n = 2) 出现远处转移。所有患者均接受 CTLA-4 抑制剂治疗，其中 75% (n=6) 单独接受 PD-1 抑制剂治疗或与 CTLA-4 抑制剂联合治疗。大多数（75%，n = 6）患者经历了irAE。在患有 irAE 的患者中，83% (n=5) 需要中断或停止治疗。大多数（66%，n = 4）接受了 ICI 再次挑战，其中 75%（n = 3）经历了随后的 irAE。在该系列的所有患者中，75% 的患者 (n = 6) 对 ICI 具有部分或完全缓解。该系列首次详细介绍了外阴阴道黑色素瘤中 irAE 和 ICI 再次挑战的发生率。我们的研究结果表明，虽然 ICI 有效，但它们的使用与严重的 irAE 发展相关。 irAE 后重新注射 ICI 是可行的，但与复发/新发 irAE 的风险相关。需要进一步研究来更好地量化这种风险。版权所有 © 2024 Amrita Ladwa 等人。

This study aimed to report clinical outcomes of patients with vaginal melanoma (VaM) or vulvar melanoma (VuM) who were treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) and discuss the development of immune-related adverse events (irAE).This is a retrospective case series of patients diagnosed with VaM or VuM between July 2011 and September 2022 at the University of Virginia, Emily Couric Clinical Cancer Center. Patient demographics, disease characteristics, treatment outcomes, and adverse events were abstracted. The primary outcome was incidence of irAE.Eight patients were included in this study, four with VaM and four with VuM. Most (n = 6) had local or regional disease at first presentation, and 25% (n = 2) presented with distant metastasis. All patients received a CTLA-4 inhibitor and 75% (n = 6) received PD-1 inhibitor alone or in combination with a CTLA-4 inhibitor. Most (75%, n = 6) patients experienced irAE. Of those who had irAE, 83% (n = 5) required therapy interruption or discontinuation. Most (66%, n = 4) underwent ICI rechallenge of which 75% (n = 3) experienced subsequent irAE. Of all patients in the series, 75% of patients (n = 6) had partial or complete response to ICI.This series is the first to detail incidence of irAEs and ICI rechallenges in vulvovaginal melanoma. Our findings indicate that while ICIs are effective, their use is associated with significant irAE development. Rechallenge of ICI after irAE is feasible but associated with risk of recurrent/new irAE. Further studies are needed to better quantify this risk.Copyright © 2024 Amrita Ladwa et al.