尽管在治疗血液恶性肿瘤方面取得了成功，但嵌合抗原受体 T 细胞 (CAR-T) 疗法仍面临多重挑战，阻碍了进展，尤其是针对实体瘤。纳米工程的最新进展为克服这些挑战提供了多种途径，包括更有效地体外编程 CAR-T、促进体内肿瘤微环境 (TME) 的免疫反应以及增强 CAR-T 的原位功能。在这里，我们总结了最近的创新，这些创新利用纳米技术直接解决阻碍 CAR-T 疗法在各种癌症类型中充分发挥潜力的主要障碍。最后，我们对该领域的现状以及纳米技术如何塑造 CAR-T 和免疫肿瘤学过继细胞疗法的未来进行了评论。版权所有 © 2024 作者。由爱思唯尔有限公司出版。保留所有权利。

Despite success in treating hematologic malignancies, chimeric antigen receptor-T cell (CAR-T) therapy still faces multiple challenges that have halted progress, especially against solid tumors. Recent advances in nanoscale engineeirng provide several avenues for overcoming these challenges, including more efficienct programming of CAR-Ts ex vivo, promoting immune responsiveness in the tumor microenvironment (TME) in vivo, and boosting CAR-T function in situ. Here, we summarize recent innovations that leverage nanotechnology to directly address the major obstacles that impede CAR-T therapy from reaching its full potential across various cancer types. We conclude with a commentary on the state of the field and how nanotechnology can shape the future of CAR-T and adoptive cell therapy in immuno-oncology.Copyright © 2024 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd.. All rights reserved.