外泌体被认为具有临床应用的变革潜力。基于外泌体的液体活检为早期癌症检测和实时疾病监测提供了一种非侵入性方法。临床试验正在进行中，以验证外泌体生物标志物在提高诊断准确性和预测治疗反应方面的功效。此外，工程外泌体正在开发作为靶向药物递送系统，可以引导血流将治疗药物递送至肿瘤部位，从而提高治疗效果，同时最大限度地减少全身毒性。外泌体还表现出免疫调节特性，可用于增强抗肿瘤免疫反应。在这篇综述中，我们详细介绍了临床试验和研究的最新进展，强调了外泌体彻底改变癌症治疗的潜力。版权所有 © 2024 Elsevier Inc. 保留所有权利。

Exosomes are regarded as having transformative potential for clinical applications. Exosome-based liquid biopsies offer a noninvasive method for early cancer detection and real-time disease monitoring. Clinical trials are underway to validate the efficacy of exosomal biomarkers for enhancing diagnostic accuracy and predicting treatment responses. Additionally, engineered exosomes are being developed as targeted drug delivery systems that can navigate the bloodstream to deliver therapeutic agents to tumor sites, thus enhancing treatment efficacy while minimizing systemic toxicity. Exosomes also exhibit immunomodulatory properties, which are being harnessed to boost antitumor immune responses. In this review, we detail the latest advances in clinical trials and research studies, underscoring the potential of exosomes to revolutionize cancer care.Copyright © 2024 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.